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What else can I help you with?
What is an alternative pathway for pyruvate other than Krebs cycle?
An alternative pathway for pyruvate, aside from the Krebs cycle, is fermentation. In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate can be converted into lactate in animal cells or into ethanol and carbon dioxide in yeast. This process allows for the regeneration of NAD+, which is essential for glycolysis to continue producing ATP in the absence of oxygen. Fermentation enables cells to maintain energy production under low-oxygen conditions.
What happens to pyruvate under anaerobic and aerobic conditions?
In humans, under ANAEROBIC conditions (no O2), pyruvate is 'converted' to lactate, though I wouldn't say it is "broken down".In humans, under AEROBIC conditions (O2 present), pyruvate is converted to Acetyl-CoA, via the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction.In yeast, pyruvate is converted into ethanol (Party Fluid) via pyruvate decarboxylase and then alcohol dehydrogenase.
When glucose is catabolized under aerobic conditions will cross the mitochondrial wall and enter the Kreb's cycle?
Yes, when glucose is catabolized under aerobic conditions, it is converted to pyruvate through glycolysis in the cytoplasm. Pyruvate then enters the mitochondria where it is converted to acetyl-CoA, which enters the Krebs cycle to produce energy in the form of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Does the Krebs cycle occur if glycolysis occurs?
Yes, the Krebs cycle occurs after glycolysis as part of cellular respiration. Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvate, which then enters the mitochondria to be further broken down in the Krebs cycle to produce ATP and other molecules for energy production.
Does covering food retard bacterial growth?
No, bacteria can thrive under anaerobic conditions.
Can a human survive from only using anaerobic respiration?
Because, the link reaction and the Krebs cycle in respiration can only occur when there is oxygen present. When there is no oxygen available (i.e under anaerobic conditions), the electron transfer chain (etc) can not pass on its electron (as oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the etc). So, the electrons build up in the etc, therefore, electrons from the hydrogen from reduced NAD can no longer be accepted by the cytochromes in the etc. Because of this, no reduced NAD can be converted into oxidised NAD, and hence there is nothing to accept the hydrogens produced in the link reaction and Krebs cycle. Hence the etc and Krebs cycle grind to a halt. Glycloysis, however, can still occur in anaerobic conditions. However, as there is no NAD to accept the hydrogens produced in glycolysis ( due to the blocked etc), the pyruvate formed in glycolysis acts as a hydrogen acceptor. This forms lactic acid, which builds up in the the muscle tissue (and gives you 'stitch') Anaerobic respiration produces a fraction of the ATP that wound be synthesised in aerobic conditions (about 10% i think)
Does the recycling of ATP ensure the continuation of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?
Yes, the recycling of ATP ensures the continuation of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions by providing the necessary energy for the reactions to proceed. This is particularly important in anaerobic conditions where the final products of glycolysis cannot be further metabolized through aerobic respiration for additional ATP production.
Does glycolysis operate under aerobic or anaerobic conditions?
It isn't, it is a strictly anaerobic process. However it may occur in organisms that use oxygen in a related process.
What is the recycling of NAD under anaerobic conditions?
Under anaerobic conditions, NAD can be recycled through fermentation processes that regenerate NAD+ from NADH. This allows cells to continue glycolysis and produce ATP in the absence of oxygen. Fermentation pathways, such as lactic acid fermentation or alcohol fermentation, are utilized to regenerate NAD for these anaerobic processes.
Why are throst swabs set up under anaerobic conditions?
Throat swabs are set up under anaerobic conditions to cultivate and isolate anaerobic bacteria that may not grow in the presence of oxygen. Many pathogenic bacteria, including some species responsible for throat infections, thrive in low-oxygen environments. By creating anaerobic conditions, microbiologists can accurately identify these bacteria, ensuring appropriate diagnosis and treatment. This approach helps prevent false negatives that could occur if these organisms were overlooked when grown in aerobic conditions.
The conversion of nitrates back into free nitrogen by bacteria in the soil is?
called denitrification. This process releases nitrogen gas back into the atmosphere, completing the nitrogen cycle. Denitrification occurs under anaerobic conditions where bacteria use nitrates as an alternative electron acceptor in the absence of oxygen.
Anaerobic conditions in animals pyruvate is converted to what?
In animals under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted to lactate through the process of lactate fermentation. This process helps regenerate NAD+ to continue glycolysis in the absence of oxygen.
