If you mean in the Persian Wars against the Greek city-states, it was because the cities temporarily postponed their own wars between each other and combined their forces against the Persian army and naval forces. These forces prevailed at sea because they developed superior naval tactics.The Greek land forces prevailed because their soldiers were armoured infantry (the Persian infantry were unarmoured) and the Greek forces engaged the Persians on rough ground where the superior Persian cavalry could not operate effectively.
If you mean Alexander the great's invasion, Alexander raised a competitive cavalry force to the Persian one, and used this in combination with his superior armoured infantry to better effect.
Its called ''the Persian wars'' or the ''Greco-Persian wars''.
Persia lost.
It was the Battle of Thermopylae in the Second Persian War. The Greeks won. Shortly after Thermopylae the Athenian Navy defeated the Persian Navy at Salamis, and in the next year the Persian Army was defeated by a combined Greek Army at Plataea.
They didn't defeat a war. They defeated the Persians in the Persian War in the eastern Mediterranean on land and sea 499-449 BCE.
Plataia was a battle in the 50 year Persian War. A coalition of Greek city-states defeated a Persian expeditionary force in the battle.
The Persian leader defeated by the Greeks was Darius.
A coalition of southern Greek city-states defeated the invading Persian army and its Greek allies.
Alexander the Great defeated the Persian empire
Persian War - A varying coalition of Greek city-states defeated the Persian Empire between 499 and 449 BCE. A league of Peloponnesian city-states led by Sparta defeated Athens and its empire 431 to 404 BCE.
The Persian War ended in 449 BCE. In 479 BCE the persian invasion of peninsular Greece was defeated after a land battle at Plataia and a sea battle at Mykale, however the war continued on for another thirty years.
Lade 494 BCE - Persian victory. Persian attack on Athens - defeated at Marathon. Persian invasion of mainland Greece 480-479 BCE -Persians defeated at Salamis, Plataea, Mycale. Further battles over another 30 years, final Persian loss at Cyprus 450 BCE. Peace of Callias 449 BCE.
He was the ruler of Persia and defeated Sparta in the Persian war... watch 300 the movie if you want to learn more