The large engine manufacturer, Pratt and Whitney, could see that it was losing market share in the 1940,s following the second World War.
Luke Hobbs, Pratt's for-most engine designer, could see that the company needed something new and leading edge to continue to be an industry leader in aircraft engines.
Hobbs decided on a twin spool design LP, low pressure compressor and a HP, high pressure compressor, where each compressor can run at its most efficient speed because each compressor had its own driving shaft and turbine to power it.
The trade-off is a twin spool engine weighs more and has additional mechanical complexity, something aircraft designers usually try to avoid.
In this case the twin spool compressor has so many advantages that it is used in almost all modern transport aircraft despite these drawbacks.
The British engine manufacturer, Rolls Royce has taken the idea even further with its very competitive line of three spool engines. They are known as Roll Royce Trent's.
King air
A twin engine airplane is an airplane which has two engines for the purposes of redundancy and/or performance. Twin engine aircraft are considerably more complex to fly than single engine aircraft, and so the FAA requires a special multi-engine endorsement in order to operate them.
One word. MONEY.
With the above mentioned answer, it is pretty much correct except for the twin engine aircraft. For the twin engine aircraft, the critical engine is the one that produces a thrust line closest to the fuselage. Example: if the twin engine aircraft is equipped with 2X engines which have the propeller rotating in a clockwise direction, then the left engine will be the critical engine. This is because the down going blade on the left engine will produce a line of thrust closest to the fuselage compared to the right engine's propeller. So it is safe to say that if the left engine fails, the aircraft will be harder to control because the thrust line produced by the live engine on the right side has a longer arm from the fuselage causing a higher moment wanting to yaw and roll the aircraft to the left which is harder to control compared to if the right engine fails, such as the Piper Twin Comanche aircraft. However, if the twin engine aircraft is equipped with counter rotating propellers, meaning, the left engine prop rotating clockwise and the right engine propeller rotating counter clockwise, then there is no critical engine, because both down going blades of the propeller produces a thrust line both equal in distance from the center of the fuselage.
All of those Boeing aircraft are twin jet except the 747 which has 4.
The Mosquito was a WW2, twin-engine aircraft built by DeHaviland. It was very light as it was made of wood and fabric but looked like a modern aircraft. It was used as a recon aircraft and could drop a few bombs. It was faster than most German fighters and could out run them.
26 hp v twin ohv,honda.
The Eurofighter Typhoon is powered by twin EJ 200 turbofans, developed by Eurojet in Munich.
Cessna is an aircraft manufacturer based in Kansas. They make business jets, single-engine turboprops and high-wing piston single-engine airplanes, and they used to make twin-engine piston aircraft. Clyde Cessna preferred to design his aircraft with a high wing above the cockpit. Cessna aircraft usually have this feature.
The SW-3 refers to the Swearingen Merlin (also called the Fairchild Aerospace Merlin). It is a pressurized turboprop twin engine business aircraft.
Beechcraft, now knows as Hawker Beechcraft, is a manufacturer of light aircraft. They produce domestic single and twin engine aircraft, and military training aircraft and small transports.
WWII general rule of thumb: 1. Single engine-fighter 2. Twin engine-medium bomber 3. Four engine-heavy bomber