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A simple way to answer this question is because that thermometer would have a very limited range. Water becomes solid at 0 deg C and so if you where measuring below this your thermometer would freeze up and would give any reading. Water also evaporates at 100 deg C so if you where measuring over this temp the water in the thermometer would evaporate and once again you can not get a reading. Mercury however which is seen in most thermometers provides a large range from - 39 deg C to 357 deg C. For this reason water isn't chosen over other elements/compounds

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Water is not used as barometric liquid?

Mercury is having a higher specific density ( about 13 times that of water) . So if we want to make a barometer using water it should be at least 13 times the length of mercury barometer that is about 11m so it is advisable to use mercury as a barometric liquid.


Why water is unsuitable as a barometric liquid?

Water is unsuitable as a barometric liquid because it has a high vapor pressure, which can lead to evaporation or leakage in barometers. Additionally, water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C, which would limit the range of pressures that can be measured accurately. Finally, water can also corrode the equipment used in barometers.


What does barometric pressure have to do with evaporation?

Above the surface of liquid water is a layer of water vapor. It has pressure. The atmosphere also has pressure. It pushes against the water vapor. The water vapor pushes against the atmosphere. It is called vapor pressure. It is related to temperature. When the vapor pressure equals barometric pressure, water boils. Normally this occurs at 100C or 212F. If you reduce the barometric pressure, you can reduce the boiling point of water. So when the barometric pressure is lower, the water vapor above the water has an easier time mixing with the atmosphere. As it mixes with the atmosphere, it is replaced by vapor from the water. It evaporates.


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