They had smaller boats and were eaiser to control.
Marathon was a plain, not a city. It was owned by Athens. They fought a battle against a Persian amphibious punitive expedition sent by Persia in 490 BCE.
The Greece had a more advanced Army against Persia's, so they were able to win!
The Greek city-states which did not go over to the Persian side had tried to win a sea battle against the Persian fleet to remove the naval threat to their cities. Blocking the pass at Thermopylae was a ploy to force the sea battle at nearby Artemesium. The sea battle was lost so they had to try again at Salamis. Until this sea threat was removed, the city-states had to keep their main armies at home protecting their cities against amphibious attack. So Thermopylae failed in its purpose. Salamis succeeded, and the following year the cities sent out their armies to join up at Plataea where they defeated the Persian army and its Greek allies, and the invasion was over.
the colonists were forced to retreat so it was a defeat still the colonists were able to kill a huge number of British soldiers and only retreated because of their lack of ammunition
Win a battle on union soil.
their large area of land
Control of the sea and blockade of the Persian sea resupply from Asia Minor.
First of all the Athenians did not win the battle of salamis, the Greeks did and they won because they had smaller and faster Greek ships
Because Salamis was a sea battle, and the Greek side woulld be at a bit of a disadvantage without ships.
Superior strategy they split the Persian fleet so that a third of it was not present at the battle, so evening up the numbers of ships on either side. Superior tactics - they engaged the Persian fleet when it was strung out coming around an island in the middle of the strait st Salamis.
stagey*
By duping the Persians into splitting their forces so that a third of their navy was not present, and catching them badly dispersed in two narrow straits and engaging and overcoming them piecemeal.
It didn't with the first encounter in the naval battle they knew they had to win at Artemesium resulted in their defeat. They tried again at Salamis in a better area which split the Persian fleet and won.
At the Battle of Salamis, the Greek ships were built specifically for fighting at sea, whereas the Persian ships were not, and also the Greeks were much better sailors. The mast and sails were taken down and stowed for fighting, and the ships were maneuvered entirely by the oarsmen. The Persian ships were sunk by ramming them.
They used clever strategy and tactics. The Greeks gave out the idea that they were going to flee from Salamis, and so the Persians sent a third of their fleet around to cover the rear channel. This evened up the two adversaries actually present at the battle. The Greeks also stayed in the strait at Salamis. The Persians, thinking the Greeks would try to escape in either direction, sat all night at their oars in a heavy sea swell to block any exit, and so were exhausted by the morning of the battle. They then had to enter the bay by splitting their fleet into two to go around each side of the island of Psyttaleia and so were on these two narrow fronts rather than is proper battle formation. This allowed the Greeks to strike them from the flanks before they could reform. And this was particularly decisive as the lighter Greek ships relied on ramming the sides of the Persian ships which preferred to close with an enemy ship and fight it side on. They were able to drive into the sides of the extended lines of Persian ships.
They were part of an alliance of 20 city-states led by Sparta which induced the Persian fleet to split up and enter a narrow strait in line-ahead, where the Greeks pounced on them from the flanks and destroyed them.
They did not, the Persians won; the Greeks were WAAY outnumbered.