You possibly need a new 'thermocouple' -this is a device that sends a signal to the regulator to turn on. They commonly fail, not a big job for a gas technician. -Call one to repair it, about a 1 hour job.
If the pilot light is on, the heater should come on by itself. If the pilot light is off then it has to be lit. If it will not stay on, the thermocouple is bad.
Yes
Same as any hot water heater. Turn the gas valve to off.
The water continues to run into and out of the water heater. There is just no flame to heat it up.
There are several possible reasons why your water heater pilot keeps turning off. It could be due to a faulty thermocouple, a dirty pilot light, a gas supply issue, or a problem with the gas control valve. It is recommended to have a professional inspect and repair your water heater to determine the exact cause of the issue.
No, it is not dangerous. (Unless you are working with a water heater that is 20+ years old.) In any modern hot water heater, if the pilot light goes out a fail-safe will go off - preventing gas from leaking out. Also, there is a sensor so if there is not enough air-flow or oxygen with the water heater, it will shut off the gas.
When the heater turns on and then off, the pilot light may go out due to a few potential issues. One common reason is a draft or airflow that disrupts the flame, causing it to extinguish. Another possibility is a malfunctioning thermocouple, which is designed to detect the pilot light's heat and shut off the gas supply if it goes out. It's important to address these issues promptly for safety and proper heater function.
No because water heaters have a safety valves and when the pilot light goes out the safety valve shuts off the gas
To relight the pilot on a hot water heater, follow these steps: Locate the pilot light assembly on the water heater. Turn the gas control knob to the "off" position and wait for at least 5 minutes. Turn the gas control knob to the "pilot" position. Press and hold down the pilot button while using a long lighter to ignite the pilot light. Continue holding down the pilot button for about 30 seconds after the pilot light is lit. Release the pilot button and turn the gas control knob to the desired temperature setting. Remember to refer to the manufacturer's instructions for specific guidance on relighting the pilot on your particular water heater.
To change the gas valve on a water heater, first turn off the gas supply and water heater. Disconnect the gas line and pilot tube from the old valve. Remove the old valve and install the new one in its place. Reconnect the gas line and pilot tube, then turn the gas supply and water heater back on.
Thermocouple is most likely the problem but it also can be wind and draft which blows out the pilot light and very rare it can be you have a air pocket in your line or sometimes condensation can drip on the pilot. If you have a flame when starting the pilot light as you are pushing down on a non forced air gas water heater and the pilot goes out after you release the pilot handle then 90 out of a 100 times its your Thermocouple. If you have a forced air tank type gas water heater it can be a lot more sophisticated and I recommend you read your manual trouble shoot guide and follow those steps for YOUR specific water heater.
It is most likely the thermocouple that is bad. That is what keeps the pilot light on. The thermocouple is the small tube that sits in the flame of the pilot and runs to the control valve.