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What was the kashmir problem?
From the partition to this day major disputes between Pakistan and India are common.One of the major disputes which is unsolved till this day is the Kashmir issue.Before the partition many semi autonomous states had to decide to join India or Pakistan.Many small states had no problem choosing the country but big states like Junagadh Hyderabad and Kashmir.Kashmir could easily come and join Pakistan but Harri singh the ruler was the Hindu and wouldn't let the majority Muslims to join Pakistan.Harri singhs government was effectively overthrown and asked India for help.India agreed provided that he signed the instrument of accession which would make Kashmir a part of India.However condition of accession was that a rule would be held for all Kashmirs to make final choose.India didn't agree. Till this day this dispute is still unsolved,
The Indus Valley is located between the nations of Pakistan?
The Indus valley is between Pakistan and India. The Indus river has been a home of civilization since ancient times.
What was the purpose of The All-India home rule league?
The purpose of the All India home rule league was to help in the development of the sport locally.
Name the types of ministers in India?
Home minisrer in india 2011 Mr. p.chitamburam.
A poem about Alexander the great?
Alexander the great King of Macedonia A great hero from past Tried to conquer the world But when came to India Fought with Pores But the words of Pores made him Turn back to home Before turning back to home Died in Babylon At the age of thirty. from prashil shah
What was the problem.?
In 1947, when the British granted India its independence, Mohammed Ali Jinnah wanted a separate country for Muslim majority ares of India. So the erstwhile British Empire of India was split into West Paksitan, India and East Pakistan. There were around five hundred princely states in India that were given the choice of joining the Paksitani union or the Indian union. Kashmir was ruled by a Hindu King of the dogra dynasty, and was given a choice to join either state. While he was dithering between joining India or becoming an independent country, the Pakistani army attacked Kashmir from the west, thinking it would be a quick battle. But the King of Kashmir asked India for help. India agreed to help on the condition that Kashmir would be part of the Indian Republic. The king hastily signed a document agreeing to join the union of India. The Pakistanis felt that he had no right to do that since the majority of his subjects were Muslim and would have sided with Pakistan and appealed to the international community to restore Kashmir to Pakistan, or let the people have their say. However, in the eyes of the world, Pakistan had forfeited any moral high ground because of their treacherous attack on an unguarded kingdom. So though they tried hard to get the United Nations involved later, they never mustered any international backing to their cause. IT left them feeling bitter and frustrated and they felt the whole world was against them and had unfairly sided with India. After the 1947 war, India controlled the best parts of the Kashmir valley (Jammu and Kashmir) and Pakistan occupied the rest, which is mostly uninhabitable. The recent devastating earthquakes in 2006 were almost entirely on the Pakistani side of Kashmir. Pakistan's founding politicians were so bitter that they swore a 'thousand year struggle' to get Kashmir 'back' from the Indians. Though, in the intervening sixty years, most Pakistanis have lost any hope of getting it 'back', and also have lost all fervor to get Kashmir to join Pakistan, no politician can openly say it is time they gave up and moved on. It is analogous to the US-Cuba situation. But in case of Paksitan the cost of this unending quarrel with India is enormous. They are forced to invest horrendous amounts of money in a fight with an enemy who is many times larger in terms of population, many times larger in terms of land and has grown into an economic powerhouse many times larger than Paksitan. In their desperation to harm India the Pakistani military tried twice to invade India (1965 and 1999) and was beaten back. This obsession with Kashmir and India has had serious and crippling consequenses to Pakistan's democracy. Military coups became a common place in Pakistan and democratically elected rulers were murdered, or usurped and put in prison by the military generals. The military became the dominanat institution in the country and destroyed democratic institutions and encouraged religious fanaticism. In 1971, to add insult to injury East Pakistan broke away from West Pakistan to become Bangladesh. In the ensuing years, Paksitanis have invested Billions in a nuclear bomb, untold amounts in a vast Military machine and also spawned various 'Jihad' outfits which have come back to haunt Pakistan in the form of uncontrolled domestic terrorism. The western countries try to get the Kashmir issue solved in the hope that Pakistan will then focus on the terrorists that have made Pakistan their home. But the hatred of Hindus runs deep in the Pakistani establishment and there is no end in sight to this issue.
What was the kashmir problem?
From the partition to this day major disputes between Pakistan and India are common.One of the major disputes which is unsolved till this day is the Kashmir issue.Before the partition many semi autonomous states had to decide to join India or Pakistan.Many small states had no problem choosing the country but big states like Junagadh Hyderabad and Kashmir.Kashmir could easily come and join Pakistan but Harri singh the ruler was the Hindu and wouldn't let the majority Muslims to join Pakistan.Harri singhs government was effectively overthrown and asked India for help.India agreed provided that he signed the instrument of accession which would make Kashmir a part of India.However condition of accession was that a rule would be held for all Kashmirs to make final choose.India didn't agree. Till this day this dispute is still unsolved,
Which region is heavily disputed by India and Pakistan?
Kashmir is the source of conflict between India and Pakistan.But that's today.There is an historical background to the Kashmir conflict which one needs to understand how the two countries have reached such an impasse over the Kashmir issue today.It has to do with British Colonial policy at the time of British Colonial withdrawal in 1947. There were two classes of states within the Indian Union, in the British Indian empire. One class of states were known as the so-called princely states. Kashmir was one such state. There were 562 princely states, and in addition to that there were the states of British India. Lord Mountbatten, the last viceroy, said that the princely states had one of two choices: they could join either India or Pakistan; independence as an option was ruled out.These so-called princely states had recognized the British as the paramount power on the subcontinent. With the departure of the British, the doctrine of paramountcy would lapse, and then the rulers of the princely states would have to join either India or Pakistan on the basis of two things: one, geographic contiguity with India or Pakistan or, and, their religious composition. So if they were predominately Muslim, they would go to Pakistan. Kashmir posed a peculiar problem. It had a Hindu monarch, a predominately Muslim population, and potential borders with both India and Pakistan.So the monarch of Kashmir chose not to join either India or Pakistan, and vacillated on the question of acceding to one of the two states. To his dismay, what happened is the Pakistanis sent in troops disguised as local tribesmen, taking advantage of a tribal rebellion which had broken out in the Western reaches of the state in early October, 1947. When the tribal invaders came in armed, with regular Pakistani troops, supported by regular Pakistani troops, dressed as local tribesmen, the Maharaja panicked--this was the ruler of Kashmir, a man called Maharaja Hari Seng--panicked, and appealed to India for assistance. India agreed to provide support only if Kashmir acceded to India. Only when the maharaja acceded to India, Prime Minister Nehru sent in troops, but not before the invaders had captured 1/3 of the state, and 2/3 were still in Indian hands.Why did Nehru so passionately hold on to Kashmir, and why did the Pakistanis, with equal zeal, seek to possess Kashmir? Principally because Kashmir went to the heart of the nation-building enterprises in both India and in Pakistan. For Pakistan, as the homeland for Muslims, as the homeland for Muslims in South Asia, it was vitally important to incorporate Kashmir, because otherwise Pakistan would not be complete, because here you had a contiguous, Muslim majority state. India at that was passionately a secular state. Nehru and others believed in the notion that a secular state would provide a home for people of all religions, of all ethnic groups, of all linguistic groups, that India could be a haven, a multicultural and multireligious polity which would respect all possible faiths that existed in its midst. And if you could somehow convince a Muslim majority state to stay within your midst, then the promise of Indian secularism would be realized.But over the years, the commitment to secularism in India has eroded very significantly. In Pakistan, they haven't quite decided what it means to be a Muslim state, particularly after 1971 when East Pakistan breaks away on the basis of language and economic exploitation by West Pakistan. So Pakistan's claim to Kashmir also declined. So today the two countries hold on to Kashmir with such passion on the basis of simple statecraft and the desire that they're not gonna part with territory. The great moral and intellectual commitments of the 1940s and 50s have been effectively lost. bengladesh
Which country was formed to be the home for Hindu Indians?
Pakistan was the country that was formed to be the home for Muslim, Indians.
The Indus Valley is located between the nations of Pakistan?
The Indus valley is between Pakistan and India. The Indus river has been a home of civilization since ancient times.
Where is the Himalayas located the country or countries?
Most of the Himalayas are located in Nepal, Bhutan and the states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh in India. The outlying parts of the range lie in Tibet, Pakistan (some in disputed territories) and Burma.
The is the traditonal home of the gypsy?
They migrated to Europe from NW India/Pakistan in the late Middle Ages.
What are some facts about kashmie?
Kashmir is an 86,000-square mile region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent.The separatist violence has killed more than 47,000 people, which does not include people who have disappeared due to the conflict. Some human rights groups and nongovernmental organizations put the death toll at twice that amount.India and Pakistan have been fighting over Kashmir since both countries gained their independence in 1947.The Line of Control separating Indian- and Pakistani-controlled parts of Kashmir is 435 miles (700 km) long.India-controlled: One state, called Jammu and Kashmir, makes up the southern and eastern portions of the region, totaling about 45% of Kashmir.Pakistan-controlled: Three areas called Azad Kashmir, Gilgit and Baltistan make up the northern and western portions of the region, totaling about 35% of Kashmir.China-controlled: One area called Aksai Chin in the northeastern part of the region, equaling 20% of Kashmir.India also alleges Pakistan has ceded 3,220 square miles in Kashmir to China.Srinagar is the summer capital city in Jammu and Kashmir state. Jammu is the winter capital.The capital of Azad Kashmir is Muzaffarabad.Timeline:August 15, 1947 - India and Pakistan gain independence from Great Britain. Kashmir initially decides to remain independent, choosing not to become a part of either Pakistan or India.October 1947 - After armed tribesmen from Pakistan's North-West Frontier Province invade Kashmir, Maharaja Hari Singh, the ruler of Kashmir, signs a letter acceding to India. In exchange for handing key powers to the central government in New Delhi, Kashmir gains India's military protection. Pakistan does not recognize this letter as a legal document. This begins India and Pakistan's first war over Kashmir.January 1, 1949 - India and Pakistan agree to withdraw all troops behind a mutually agreed ceasefire line, later known as the Line of Control.August 5, 1965 -India and Pakistan go to war again over Kashmir. Pakistan invades Indian-held Kashmir, but the fighting produces little territorial gain for Pakistan.1971 - Fighting erupts again as part of the Indo-Pak war.July 1972 - The Simla Agreement ends the fighting and establishes the Line of Control between Indian-controlled Kashmir and Pakistan-controlled Kashmir. The two sides continue to argue over the border.1989 - Islamic militants begin an uprising in Indian-controlled Kashmir. Tens of thousands of people have been killed.1999 - India and Pakistan fight a limited border conflict in Kashmir, after armed invaders cross the Line of Control in the town of Kargil.July 25, 2000 - Hizbul Mujahedeen, a pro-Pakistan Kashmiri militant group, declares a unilateral cease fire for three months in Jammu and Kashmir.August 3, 2000 - India begins peace talks with Hizbul Mujahedeen, in Srinagar.August 8, 2000 - Hizbul Mujahedeen calls off its two-week-old ceasefire and orders its forces to resume fighting against Indian troops.May 23, 2001 - India ends a six-month military ceasefire against Islamic guerillas in Kashmir while also inviting Pakistani military ruler, General Pervez Musharraf, to peace talks aimed at ending five decades of hostilities between the two countries.July 14-16, 2001 - Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf and Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayeemeet in Agra, India, for a three-day summit. The talks fail to produce a joint statement on Kashmir.December 20, 2001 - The Indian army deploys troops on its border with Pakistan in the northern states of Kashmir and Punjab after an attack by militants (India says they were from across the border) on the Indian Parliament building. Pakistani troops also buildup across the frontier.January 2002 - General Musharraf of Pakistan outlaws the three main Pakistani-based Islamic militant groups.October 2002 - Four rounds of polls to choose a new state administration conclude in Indian-controlled Kashmir. About 300-500 people are killed during the election campaign.November 2003 - India agrees to a Pakistani offer of a ceasefire along their borders in the disputed region of Kashmir. The ceasefire goes into effect November 26 and is the first ceasefire in 14 years.January 4, 2004 - India's Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee meets with Pakistan's president Pervez Musharraf in Islamabad for a one-hour meeting. It is their first direct contact in two years.June 2004 - India and Pakistan's foreign secretaries meet for talks, the first detailed discussions between the two countries in six years.November 14, 2006 - Indian Foreign Secretary Shiv Shanker Menon and his Pakistani counterpart, Riaz Mohammed Khan meet in New Delhi, India for peace talks. The main topic of discussion is finding ways to implement a proposed anti-terror mechanism that both countries have agreed to set up.March 13, 2007 - Top Pakistani and Indian diplomats meet in Islamabad. Topics include improving conditions for hundreds of prisoners in each others' jails and relaxing visa restrictions.March 28, 2008 - Human rights workers find nearly 1,000 unmarked graves near the Line of Control, the border that divides Pakistani- and Indian-controlled portions of Kashmir. Hundreds of protestors in Indian Kashmir clash with police on April 25, demanding an investigation into the graves.October 21, 2008 - India and Pakistan open a trade route for the first time in six decades on the Line of Control in Kashmir. Fruit, clothing and spices are among the items being transported.Summer 2010 - Violence erupts in Kashmir and kills more than 100 people, the worst bloodshed in a decade.January 14, 2011 - India's home secretary announces that India will cut a fourth of its security forces in Kashmir over the next 12 months.February 10, 2011 - Pakistan and India agree to resume peace talks that halted after theMumbai terror attacks of 2008.July 27, 2011 - Pakistani Foreign Minister Hina Rabbani Khar meets with Indian Foreign Minister S.M. Krishna in New Delhi to discuss ways to improve travel and trade across Kashmir.April 8, 2012 - Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari meets with Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh during a private trip. It is the first trip to India by a Pakistani leader in seven years.July 19, 2013 - Four die on the border in Kashmir and a curfew goes into effect.November-December 2014 - After five rounds of elections, though the regional People's Democratic Party (PDP) wins the most seats, it does not pick up the 44 seats necessary to form a government in Indian-controlled Kashmir.February 2015 - The Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the People's Democratic Party (PDP), a regional party backed by the Muslim majority, announce the formation of a coalition government in Indian-controlled Kashmir. This follows five rounds of elections in 2014 without a clear winner and is the first time that the Hindu nationalist BJP will be part of the governing coalition in the state assembly. The coalition government is sworn in on March 1, 2015.
Why was Gandhi eventually assassinated?
Mahatma Gandhi was a true, honest and utmost human. But he insisted his virtues even in national and international issues of India. Whenever anything went against his belief or seemed untrue, he went on fast against all practicability. Even after Pakistan invaded Kashmir of India, he insisted to pay Rs.500 million by India to Pakistan (as a division of Treasury at the time of partition of India into India and Pakistan) though everyone was sure that this money was going to be used to fight with India. For this, he went on fast. This annoyed all including his own colleagues like Jawaharlal Nehru, the Prime Minister and Sardar Patel, the Home Minister & Dy.Prime Minister. But they had to give up. Nathuram Godse, a Hindu himself, and his colleagues conspired to kill him for Gandhi's this act and assassinated him.
Which religious grouped migrated from India to british India?
The most common religion is Hindu, but the country is also home to one of the world's largest Muslim populations.for A+ users its Hindu
What is the Kashmir dispute?
When the British left India, they gave a choice to all of over 500 Kings in India to choose a side - India or Pakistan. The Hindu King of Kashmir decided to join India which upset the Paksitanis because they felt that due to the large number of Muslims in that region it belonged to Pakistan. But there were also sizable number of Hindus, a fact which is not known widely today. In fact, Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of India came from a Kashmiri Pnadit family. The pandits of Kashmir have been driven away by the Islamic terrorism that has engulfed the region ever since 1947, aided actively by Pakistan which still hopes to conquer Kashmir.Independence Day for KashmirSwaminathan S Anklesaria Aiyar, Aug 17, 2008, 03.38am ISTOn August 15, India celebrated independence from the British Raj. But Kashmiris staged a bandh demanding independence from India. A day symbolising the end of colonialism in India became a day symbolising Indian colonialism in the Valley.As a liberal, i dislike ruling people against their will. True, nation-building is a difficult and complex exercise, and initial resistance can give way to the integration of regional aspirations into a larger national identity - the end of Tamil secessionism was a classical example of this.I was once hopeful of Kashmir's integration, but after six decades of effort, Kashmiri alienation looks greater than ever. India seeks to integrate with Kashmir, not rule it colonially. Yet, the parallels between British rule in India and Indian rule in Kashmir have become too close for my comfort.Many Indians say that Kashmir legally became an integral part of India when the maharaja of the state signed the instrument of accession. Alas, such legalisms become irrelevant when ground realities change. Indian kings and princes, including the Mughals, acceded to the British Raj. The documents they signed became irrelevant when Indians launched an independence movement.The British insisted for a long time that India was an integral part of their Empire, the jewel in its crown, and would never be given up. Imperialist Blimps remained in denial for decades. I fear we are in similar denial on Kashmir.The politically correct story of the maharaja's accession ignores a devastating parallel event. Just as Kashmir had a Hindu maharaja ruling over a Muslim majority, Junagadh had a Muslim nawab ruling over a Hindu majority. The Hindu maharaja acceded to India, and the Muslim nawab to Pakistan.But while India claimed that the Kashmiri accession to India was sacred, it did not accept Junagadh's accession to Pakistan. India sent troops into Junagadh, just as Pakistan sent troops into Kashmir. The difference was that Pakistan lacked the military means to intervene in Junagadh, while India was able to send troops into Srinagar. The Junagadh nawab fled to Pakistan, whereas the Kashmir maharaja sat tight. India's double standard on Junagadh and Kashmir was breathtaking.Do you think the people of Junagadh would have integrated with Pakistan after six decades of genuine Pakistani effort? No? Then can you really be confident that Kashmiris will stop demanding azaadi and integrate with India?The British came to India uninvited. By contrast, Sheikh Abdullah, the most popular politician in Kashmir, supported accession to India subject to ratification by a plebiscite. But his heart lay in independence for Kashmir, and he soon began manoeuvering towards that end. He was jailed by Nehru, who then declared Kashmir's accession was final and no longer required ratification by a plebiscite. The fact that Kashmir had a Muslim majority was held to be irrelevant, since India was a secular country empowering citizens through democracy.Alas, democracy in Kashmir has been a farce for most of six decades. The rot began with Sheikh Abdullah in 1951: he rejected the nomination papers of almost all opponents, and so won 73 of the 75 seats unopposed! Nehru was complicit in this sabotage of democracy.Subsequent state elections were also rigged in favour of leaders nominated by New Delhi. Only in 1977 was the first fair election held, and was won by the Sheikh. But he died after a few years, and rigging returned in the 1988 election. That sparked the separatist uprising which continues to gather strength today.Many Indians point to long episodes of peace in the Valley and say the separatists are just a noisy minority. But the Raj also had long quiet periods between Gandhian agitations, which involved just a few lakhs of India's 500 million people. One lakh people joined the Quit India movement of 1942, but 25 lakh others joined the British Indian army to fight for the Empire's glory.Blimps cited this as evidence that most Indians simply wanted jobs and a decent life. The Raj built the biggest railway and canal networks in the world. It said most Indians were satisfied with economic development, and that independence was demanded by a noisy minority. This is uncomfortably similar to the official Indian response to the Kashmiri demand for azaadi.Let me not exaggerate. Indian rule in Kashmir is not classical colonialism. India has pumped vast sums into Kashmir, not extracted revenue as the Raj did. Kashmir was among the poorest states during the Raj, but now has the lowest poverty rate in India. It enjoys wide civil rights that the Raj never gave. Some elections - 1977, 1983 and 2002 - were perfectly fair.India has sought integration with Kashmir, not colonial rule. But Kashmiris nevertheless demand azaadi. And ruling over those who resent it so strongly for so long is quasi-colonialism, regardless of our intentions.We promised Kashmiris a plebiscite six decades ago. Let us hold one now, and give them three choices: independence, union with Pakistan, and union with India. Almost certainly the Valley will opt for independence. Jammu will opt to stay with India, and probably Ladakh too. Let Kashmiris decide the outcome, not the politicians and armies of India and Pakistan.Added by Vasan: Mr. Aiyer may want to give them the choice and risk Muslims opting for Pakistan. I don't. As do most Indians not want to give Pakistan more territory. It is foolish and insane to hold plebiscites of that nature. We have already suffered enough by giving land to Muslims, we will never do that again.Read more: Independence Day for Kashmir - Full Story - Swaminomics - SA Aiyar - Opinion - Home - The Times of India http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/opinion/sa-aiyar//Independence-Day-for-Kashmir/articleshow/3372132.cms?flstry=1#ixzz0vnvh5n5Q
Why is money sent to Pakistan?
Money transfer? Cuz people have relatives back home.... Aid? Cuz Pakistan recently faced a devestating flood
