On Many cars the timing Belt runs the Water Pump. If this belt is loose the car will over heat.
If the belt is to tight the belt will break and destroy the engine so this must be adjusted exactly correct.
No, not an alternator itself. A slipping belt driving the alternator and the water pump could though.
It most certainly could. Most new cars use a single belt to run the "accessories" like the alternator, AC compressor, power steering and...the water pump. With no belt, no coolant is flowing through the engine and into the radiator and the car will quickly overheat.
drive it without coolant
yes
Try changing the themometer
Yes
water pump may be locking up, causing belt to break and vehicle to overheat. have a good mechanic look it over.
Not likely but possible.
Without make model year & engine size.... Head gasket, waterpump, hoses, radiator, cooling fans not coming on belt to waterpump, thermostat, etc...
no but if you try to run the car with the water pump out you could overheat your engine
Not very long if it powers the water pump, -possibly 5-7 minutes before you overheat.
There are numerous things that can make a car overheat. It's possible the coolant level is too low, or the electric cooling fan may have gone out. Another possibility is that the thermostat may need to be replaced or the radiator fan switch may not be working right. The car will also overheat if the fan belt is broken or if the radiator is plugged up.