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The answer is Epsom salt.

It is extremely hygroscopic when converted from the Heptahydrate form to the Anhydrous form and is an excellent desiccant.

Instructions for making Anhydrous Magnesium Sulfate from Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate (Epsom Salts) are as follows -

MgSO4 • 7H2O ==>> MgSO4

Epsom Salts is easily converted to Anhydrous Magnesium Sulfate by heating in an oven at temperatures between 200°C and 250°C .

150°C - Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate is converted to Magnesium Sulfate Monohydrate.

200°C - Magnesium Sulfate Monohydrate is converted to Anhydrous Magnesium Sulfate.

250°C - Complete dehydration of Epsom salts occurs yielding the desired Anhydrous Magnesium Sulfate to be used as a desiccant.

1124°C - Sublimates to MgO, SO2, SO3 before MP (Melting Point).

MgSO4.7H2O = 246.4564 molecular weight

MgSO4 anhydrous = 120.36 molecular weight

120..36 / 246.45 = 48.83%

246.45 / 120.36 = 204.76%

Anhydrous MgSO4 absorbs 204.7% it's weight in water. As a comparison, Silica Gel absorbs 160%.

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Q: Would Epsom salt table salt or baking soda make the better desiccant and why?
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