No, except at the beginning of a sentence because it is
n
ot a proper
n
ou
n.
Talking about an unidentified chief I would not capitalize the word, but if I was using it as a title of a specific person, such as Chief Wiggum, I would capitalize it.
When using it as a name please capitalize it.
The International Dateline is a proper noun because it is the name for a specific thing.
Yes, you do capitalize the word department when it directly follows the name of that department. This is the case when signing letters or referring to specific departments in emails or in writing.
If "social action" is the full, specific name of the class then it should be capitalized. Otherwise, it shouldn't be.
Only capitalize the word 'football' when it is the beginning of a sentence or forms part of a title.
You do capitalize Sun because it's a specific star with a name.
If it is a specific street name then yes it should be capitalized.
It should be capitalized if it's the name of a specific team.
You only capitalize the word cancer if your referring to a specific kind of cancer. Ex. My ferret has Bone Cancer. (its a specific type of cancer) My ferret has cancer. (is not a specific type of cancer)
No because it is not specific it wouldn't be capitalized because you can say. I ate a cat. What type of specific cat? The name of the cat should be capitalized!
You would capitalize it if it's part of a name. "We stopped at the inn" would not be capitalized, but "We stopped at Comfort Inn" would.