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Difference between bootstrap loader and bootstrap program?
A bootstrap loader is a small program that initializes the operating system by loading it into memory when a computer is powered on or restarted. It is typically stored in a fixed location in the firmware or memory and is responsible for locating and loading the operating system kernel. In contrast, a bootstrap program refers more broadly to the collection of routines or instructions that prepare the system for execution, including tasks like setting up the environment and loading necessary drivers. Essentially, the bootstrap loader is a component of the broader bootstrap process managed by the bootstrap program.
What is a booststrap program?
A bootstrap program is the small program that is executed by the BIOS when the computer powers on. All it does is find the kernel for an OS and loads it into memory, thereby starting the computer's operating system.
What would the bootstrap program need to do?
The bootstrap program should automatically load the operating system after a power outage or reset. The operating system would then load the remaining software.
What application is responsible for locating and loading the kernel of the operating system so that the operating system may be loaded and can take over control of the hardware?
The bootstrap loader
Done immediately after the bootstrap finds the operating system boot record?
What is done immediately after the bootstrap finds the operating system boot record? The BIOS reads the boot record into memory, and then passes control to it. The boot record looks on the hard disk for the kernel, or a loader program (depending upon the design of the operating system). If it can't find it, it prints an error message and then hangs, otherwise the kernel or loader is read into memory, and control is passed to it. The operating system then begins its initialisation process.
The operating system is the one program running at all times on the computer which is called?
Operating System's kernel
How could a system be designed to allow a choice of operating system to boot from. what would the bootstrap program need to do?
On most computer systems, a small piece of code known as the bootstrap program or bootstrap loader locates the kernel loads it into main memory and startsits execution. Some computer systems, such as PCs, use a two-step process in which a simple bootstrap loader fetches a more complex boot program from disk, which in turn loads the kernel. The bootstrap program can perform a variety of tasks. Usually, one task is to run diagnostics to determine with the booting steps. It can also initialize all aspects of the system, from CPU registers to device controllers and the contents of main memory. Sooner or later, it starts the operating system.
Is Linux a type of utility program?
No, it's an operating system kernel.
What do you call the program that surround the kernel of the operating system?
The program that surrounds the kernel of the operating system is called the "user space" or "user mode." It includes all the user-level applications and services that interact with the kernel, which operates in "kernel space" or "kernel mode." This separation helps ensure system stability and security by restricting user applications from directly accessing critical system resources managed by the kernel.
Are system calls part of kernel?
Yes, they are the interface to kernel functionality. To quote wikipedia: a system call is how a program requests a service from an operating system's kernel that it does not normally have permission to run
What is the core of an operating system?
The Kernel
Whether the operating system should include application such as web browser and mail program?
Nobody has exactly definied what an Operating System is. If it is the kernel only, then the answer is no. If it is the kernel, the common libraries, the GUI and the applications together, then the answer is yes.
