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Chronic unilateral obstructive uropathy is a condition in which there is long-term blockage of one of the tubes (ureters) that drains urine from the kidneys.
See also:
- Acute unilateral obstructive uropathy
- Acute bilateral obstructive uropathy
- Chronic bilateral obstructive uropathy
- Obstructive uropathy
Ureteral obstruction - chronic; Obstructive uropathy - unilateral - chronic
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsUnilateral obstructive uropathy usually occurs when ureteral or kidney stones block the flow of urine. Urine backs up and causes kidney swelling (hydronephrosis).
Other causes include:
- Narrowing of the ureter that is present at birth (congenital), most commonly right below the kidney, a condition called ureteropelvic junction obstruction
- Injury to the ureter from prior abdominal or pelvic surgery
Risk factors for unilateral obstructive uropathy include:
- Kidney stones
- Tumors in surrounding structures such as uterus, cervix, or lymph nodes
- Ureteral stones and tumors
Chronic unilateral obstructive uropathy occurs in approximately 5 out of every 1,000 people.
Symptoms- Abdominal pain, right or left lower belly area
- Back pain, may be on only one side
- Blood in the urine
- Increased urinary frequency/urgency
- Frequent need to urinate at night
- Painful urination
- Severe flank pain that may occur on one side, but may also be felt in the groin, thigh, and genitals
- urinary tract infection
Your health care provider will perform a physical exam, which includes feeling your abdomen. The exam may reveal a swollen kidney.
A blood pressure measure may reveal high blood pressure. A urinalysis may show blood in the urine. A urine culture can determine if you have an infection.
Kidney swelling or blockage of the ureter may appear on these tests:
TreatmentThe goal of treatment is to reduce or remove the blockage.
Stents or drains placed in the ureter or in the renal pelvis may provide short-term relief of symptoms.
A nephrostomy tube, which drains urine from the kidney through the back, may be used to relieve the blockage.
Surgery to repair the underlying cause will usually correct the blockage.
Expectations (prognosis)This condition damages the structures of the urinary tract. It may result in permanent damage to the kidney. If only one kidney is involved, the other kidney usually continues to work, and kidney failure or insufficiency does not occur.
Complications- Chronic or recurrent urinary tract infection
- High blood pressure
- Permanent failure of the affected kidney (chronic kidney failure)
Call your doctor if you have flank pain or other symptoms of chronic unilateral obstructive uropathy.
If you have already been diagnosed with this condition, call your health care provider if symptoms worsen or persist despite treatment, or if new symptoms develop.
PreventionIf you are prone to kidney stones, drink plenty of water (6 to 8 glasses per day) to reduce the chances of their formation.
A diet low in sodium and oxalates and high in citrate may reduce your risk of calcium-based kidney stone formation. Talk to a nutritionist for more information on such diets.
Urinary tract infections should be treated promptly and thoroughly.
ReferencesWein AJ, et al. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007.
Goldman L, Ausiello D, et al. Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 22nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 2004:741-742.
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
Wiki User
∙ 12y agoChronic unilateral obstructive uropathy is a condition in which there is long-term blockage of one of the tubes (ureters) that drains urine from the kidneys.
See also:
- Acute unilateral obstructive uropathy
- Acute bilateral obstructive uropathy
- Chronic bilateral obstructive uropathy
- Obstructive uropathy
Ureteral obstruction - chronic; Obstructive uropathy - unilateral - chronic
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsUnilateral obstructive uropathy usually occurs when ureteral or kidney stones block the flow of urine. Urine backs up and causes kidney swelling (hydronephrosis).
Other causes include:
- Narrowing of the ureter that is present at birth (congenital), most commonly right below the kidney, a condition called ureteropelvic junction obstruction
- Injury to the ureter from prior abdominal or pelvic surgery
Risk factors for unilateral obstructive uropathy include:
- Kidney stones
- Tumors in surrounding structures such as uterus, cervix, or lymph nodes
- Ureteral stones and tumors
Chronic unilateral obstructive uropathy occurs in approximately 5 out of every 1,000 people.
Symptoms- Abdominal pain, right or left lower belly area
- Back pain, may be on only one side
- Blood in the urine
- Increased urinary frequency/urgency
- Frequent need to urinate at night
- Painful urination
- Severe flank pain that may occur on one side, but may also be felt in the groin, thigh, and genitals
- Urinary tract infection
Your health care provider will perform a physical exam, which includes feeling your abdomen. The exam may reveal a swollen kidney.
A blood pressure measure may reveal high blood pressure. A urinalysis may show blood in the urine. A urine culture can determine if you have an infection.
Kidney swelling or blockage of the ureter may appear on these tests:
TreatmentThe goal of treatment is to reduce or remove the blockage.
Stents or drains placed in the ureter or in the renal pelvis may provide short-term relief of symptoms.
A nephrostomy tube, which drains urine from the kidney through the back, may be used to relieve the blockage.
Surgery to repair the underlying cause will usually correct the blockage.
Expectations (prognosis)This condition damages the structures of the urinary tract. It may result in permanent damage to the kidney. If only one kidney is involved, the other kidney usually continues to work, and kidney failure or insufficiency does not occur.
Complications- Chronic or recurrent urinary tract infection
- High blood pressure
- Permanent failure of the affected kidney (chronic kidney failure)
Call your doctor if you have flank pain or other symptoms of chronic unilateral obstructive uropathy.
If you have already been diagnosed with this condition, call your health care provider if symptoms worsen or persist despite treatment, or if new symptoms develop.
PreventionIf you are prone to kidney stones, drink plenty of water (6 to 8 glasses per day) to reduce the chances of their formation.
A diet low in sodium and oxalates and high in citrate may reduce your risk of calcium-based kidney stone formation. Talk to a nutritionist for more information on such diets.
Urinary tract infections should be treated promptly and thoroughly.
ReferencesWein AJ, et al. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2007.
Goldman L, Ausiello D, et al. Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 22nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 2004:741-742.
Reviewed ByReview Date: 03/22/2010
Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Medical Director, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington, School of Medicine; Scott Miller, MD, Urologist in private practice in Atlanta, Georgia. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
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Obstructive uropathy?
DefinitionObstructive uropathy is a condition in which the flow of urine is blocked, causing it to back up and injure one or both kidneys.Alternative NamesUropathy - obstructiveCauses, incidence, and risk factorsObstructive uropathy occurs when urine cannot drain through a ureter (a tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder). Urine backs up into the kidney and causes it to become swollen (hydronephrosis).Obstructive uropathy is grouped according to whether it affects one or both kidneys and whether it occurs suddenly or is long-term:Chronic unilateral obstructive uropathy - Long-term uropathy that affects one kidneyChronic bilateral obstructive uropathy - Long-term uropathy that affects both kidneysAcute unilateral obstructive uropathy - Sudden uropathy that affects one kidneyAcute bilateral obstructive uropathy -Sudden uropathy that affects both kidneysCommon causes of obstructive uropathy include the following:Urinary tract stonesUreteral stonesBladder stonesUrinary tract tumorsRetroperitoneal fibrosisBenign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate)Tumors of nearby organsBladder or ureteral cancerColon cancerCervical cancerUterine cancerAny cancer that spreadsIdiopathic hydronephrosis of pregnancySymptomsSymptoms associated with obstructive uropathy vary depending on whether the obstruction is acute or chronic, whether it is unilateral or bilateral, whether it is complete or partial, and what caused it. Common symptoms of obstructive uropathy include the following:Flank painBilateral or unilateralColicky or severeUrinary tract infectionFeverDifficulty or pain while urinatingNausea or vomitingRenal failureWeight gain or swelling (edema)Decreased urine outputBlood in the urineSigns and testsThe diagnosis of obstructive uropathy is made on imaging studies. Common radiographic studies used to diagnose obstructive uropathy include:Abdominal ultrasoundAbdominal CT scanIntravenous pyelogram (IVP)Voiding cystourethrogramRenal nuclear scanTreatmentStents or drains placed in the ureter or in the renal pelvis may provide short-term relief of symptoms. Nephrostomy tubes, which drain urine from the kidneys through the back, may be used to bypass the obstruction. A Foley catheter, inserted through the urethra, may also be helpful.Although temporary relief from the obstruction can be achieved without surgery, the cause of the obstruction must be removed and the urinary system repaired. Long-term relief from obstructive uropathy requires surgery.Expectations (prognosis)If an acute obstruction is rapidly diagnosed and repaired, kidney damage is minimal or reversible -- regardless of being unilateral or bilateral.If chronic unilateral obstruction is not relieved promptly there could be permanent damage to the kidney. Chronic unilateral obstruction usually does not cause kidney insufficiency or failure because most patients have normal function from the other kidney.Chronic bilateral obstruction may lead to kidney insufficiency or failure because both kidneys may become damaged and fail to function even after the obstruction is repaired.For more specific information, see the individual articles below:Chronic unilateral obstructive uropathyChronic bilateral obstructive uropathyAcute unilateral obstructive uropathyAcute bilateral obstructive uropathyComplicationsObstructive uropathy can cause permanent and severe damage to the kidneys, resulting in renal failure. Obstructive uropathy caused by bladder outlet obstruction can lead to permanent and severe damage to the bladder, resulting in problems such as incontinence and urinary retention.Calling your health care providerContact your health care provider if you have symptoms of obstructive uropathy or believe that you may be suffering from this condition.PreventionObstructive uropathy can be prevented by addressing any underlying disorders that can cause it.ReferencesPais VM Jr, Strandhoy JW, Assimos DG. Pathophysiology of urinary tract obstruction. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 37.Hsu THS, Streem SB, Nakada SY. Management of upper urinary tract obstruction. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 38.McAninch JW, Santucci RA. Renal and ureteral trauma. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 39.Frokiaer J, Zeidel ML. Urinary tract obstruction. In: Brenner BM, ed. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 35.
What is Chronic obstructive lung disease also known as?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is also known as chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD), chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD),chronic airflow limitation (CAL) and chronic obstructive respiratory disease (CORD).
What does the medical abbreviation COAD mean?
Chronic Obstructive Airways DiseaseChronic Obstructive Airways Disease
Is COPD is a disease that is a combination of lung cancer and bronchitis?
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Does class affect Chronic obstructive lung disease?
Chronic obstructive lung disease deaths are about twice as high among unskilled and semi-skilled laborers as among professionals
Is there any information on a copd?
COPD is an acronym for the disease called Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a lung disease that, unfortunately, at the moment, has no cure.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is also know as what?
Emphysema
Does chronic obstructive pulmonary disease qualify for V.A. disability?
no
Does Leonard nimoy have emphysema?
He had Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease also called?
COPD
What are the symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
If you start to notice constant coughing, shortness of breath, and wheezing, it may be chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This cough is likely to not be a dry cough.
Chronic bilateral obstructive uropathy?
DefinitionChronic bilateral obstructive uropathy is a long-term blockage of urine flow from both kidneys. It is a slow blockage that gets worse over time.Bilateral means "both sides."See also:Chronic unilateral obstructive uropathyAcute unilateral obstructive uropathyAcute bilateral obstructive uropathyAlternative NamesObstructive uropathy - bilateral - chronic; Kidney failure - chronic blockageCauses, incidence, and risk factorsThe most common cause of chronic bilateral obstructive uropathy is a condition called bladder outlet obstruction. The kidneys produce urine in the normal manner but the urine cannot leave the bladder. Urine backs up, causing kidney swelling and damage.When the blockage causes urine to back up into both kidneys, hydronephrosis(swelling of the kidneys) results. High blood pressure and kidney failure can result.In men, chronic bilateral obstructive uropathy is most often a result a result of enlargement of the prostate, also called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Other causes of chronic bilateral obstructive uropathy include:Bilateral uretal stonesBladder tumorsProstate tumorsTumors or masses of the uterus or other structures around the bladder neck or urethraRetroperitoneal fibrosis or tumorNarrowing of the urethra due to a birth defect or scar tissueNeurogenic bladderChronic bilateral obstructive uropathy occurs in about 1 out of every 1,000 people.SymptomsSymptoms depend on the nature of the obstruction and where in the urinary tract the obstruction occurs.Some of the most common symptoms of chronic obstructive uropathy include:Stronger and more frequent urge to urinateDifficulty initiating the flow of urine (urinary hesitancy)Dribbling of urine, incontinenceDecreased urine outputDecrease in the force of the urinary streamIncreased need to urinate at nightBurning or stinging with urinationFeeling of incomplete emptying of the bladderAlternating times of increased urine output and decreased urine outputFever and chills (if there is also a urinary tract infection)Additional symptoms that may be associated with this disease:Nail problemsHigh blood pressureAbnormal urine colorSigns and testsA physical exam may show swollen or tender kidneys. The bladder may be large and full. A rectal examination may reveal an enlarged prostate. Blood pressure may be high.Blood tests will be done to check kidney function, electrolyte balance, and blood cell counts. Urine tests may reveal a urinary tract infection.Other tests that may be done:Abdominal ultrasoundBladder scanCT scan of abdomen and pelvisKidney scanUroflowmetryTreatmentThe goal of treatment is to remove the blockage. You may need to stay in a hospital for a short while.Treatment may include:Antibiotics to treat urinary tract infectionCatheterization-- the placement of a tube into the body to drain urine (See: Urinary catheters)Dialysis if kidney failure occursLaser or heat therapy to shrink the prostate if the problem is due to an enlarged prostateSurgery such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)Other types of surgery for disorders causing blockage of the urethra or bladder neckExpectations (prognosis)Bilateral obstructive uropathy may be reversible if the blockage is corrected before kidney failure develops.Chronic kidney failure leads to long-term kidney damage that can be life threatening.Patients with a chronic blockage are at a higher risk for complications following initial catheter placement. During the first few days following correction of the obstruction, the kidneys may be unable to concentrate urine. As a result, your body removes large amounts of urine that haven't been properly processed. This is called post-obstructive diuresis. It can be a life-threatening condition. Close monitoring is required.If the obstruction was caused by cancer, the ultimate outcome depends on the disease severity and your response to treatment.ComplicationsChronic kidney failureComplications due to long-term catheter useChronic or recurrent urinary tract infectionLong-term incontinence or urinary retentionFormation of uretal or kidney stonesCalling your health care providerCall your health care provider if decreased urine output or other symptoms of chronic bilateral obstructive uropathy develop.PreventionRoutine screening (and treatment) for lower urinary tract disorders may help prevent this condition. A digital rectal exam is used to screen men for prostate problems.ReferencesPais VM Jr, Strandhoy JW, Assimos DG. Pathophysiology of urinary tract obstruction. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 37.Hsu THS, Streem SB, Nakada SY. Management of upper urinary tract obstruction. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 38.McAninch JW, Santucci RA. Renal and ureteral trauma. In: Wein AJ, ed. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 39.
