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The closest thing that exists to an open electronic document standard is the PDF format (Portable Document Format), first introduced by Adobe Software in 1993. Using Adobe Reader (formerly Acrobat Reader), a user can access and share PDF files irrespective of the type of software, hardware or operating system used to create those files.

The easiest way to generate a PDF file is to take the finished document you want to share and convert it. This is extremely easy to accomplish using a computer with a Macintosh operating system: All you do, is select the �Print� option from the menu at the top of your monitor and then select the �PDF� submenu to the lower left when the splash screen pops up. Conversion is somewhat more problematic using a PC: Microsoft Office 2007 has a free downloadable utility called Save as PDF or XPS that allows you to make PDFs while Adobe�s own Create Adobe PDF Online service gives users ten free PDFs per year before they have to start paying a $10 per month fee.

A somewhat more labor-intensive means of making PDF files involves creating them natively as PDF files. Adobe�s Acrobat Standard is the state-of-the-art software program that allows users to do this. Additionally, Adobe Standard facilitates the conversion of a PDF file back into an MS Word or Excel file, which can be a useful function, and it also be used to embed rich media like photos, audio file and Flash videos into PDF files. With a price tag around $300, however, Adobe Standard doesn�t come cheaply. There are a number of low cost alternatives you might want to check out in its place:

CutePDF

CutePDF is a PDF editor for the Windows operating system that retails for around $50. It�s a versatile tool for creating PDF business documents that allows users to annotate existing text, create interactive PDF forms, add security and password settings to PDF files and reduce PDF file sizes among other things.

Nitro PDF

Nitro PDF is another business PDF editor for the Windows operating system. In addition to allowing users to create interactive PDF files and annotate existing text, the program allows users to convert PDF files into Microsoft Word and Excel files. Nitro PDF retails for around $100.

PDF-Echange

PDF-Echange is a free PDF reader for the Windows operating system with far more functionality than the Adobe Reader. It allows users to annotate text and to import, fill out and export forms, among other things. PDF-Echange has 93 million users worldwide.

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