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Jet A and Jet A1 are kerosene type jet fuels and the most common fuels used in commercial jet engines. The primary differences between Jet A and Jet A-1 are the higher freezing point of Jet A (−40 °C vs −47 °C for Jet A-1), and the mandatory requirement for the addition of an anti-static additive to Jet A-1.

The only other jet fuel commonly used in civilian turbine-engine powered aviation is Jet B which is used for its enhanced cold-weather performance.

Kerosene-type jet fuel (including Jet A and Jet A-1) has a carbon number distribution between about 8 and 16 carbon numbers; wide-cut or naphtha-type jet fuel (including Jet B), between about 5 and 15 carbon numbers.

Jet A-1 Fuel must meet the specification for DEF STAN 91-91 (Jet A-1), ASTM specification D1655 (Jet A-1) and IATA Guidance Material (Kerosine Type), NATO Code F-35. Jet A Fuel must reach ASTM specification D1655 (Jet A) [4]Jet A-1Jet AFlash point> 38 °C (100.4 °F)Autoignition temperature210 °C (410 °F)Freezing point< −47 °C (−52.6 °F)< −40 °C (−40 °F)Open air burning temperatures287.5 °C (549.5 °F)Density at 15 °C (59 °F)0.775 kg/L to 0.840 kg/LSpecific energy> 42.80 MJ/kg

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