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List four supreme court cases concerning the establishment clause and comment on their significance?
Bradfield v. Roberts ruled that funding was for a hospital was permissible even though the hospital was operated by a Roman Catholic institution. Everson v. Board of Education allowed funding for student transportation to all types of schools. Sloan v. Lemon was found unconstitutional because the state had provided funds to send children of low-income families to private, religious schools. Lee v. Weisman deemed it unconstitutional to have prayer before voluntarily attended school ceremonies.
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Which court hears cases that have national significance?
Supreme Court of the United States
What issue concerning navigation and commerce was the 1824 Supreme Court case Gibbons vs Ogden the first to address?
The U.S. Supreme Court reversed the State of New York's decision on this case. The Court found that the power to regulate navigation fell under the existing rules concerning interstate commerce.
What do the events in this timeline suggest about the Supreme Court's establishment of tests in civil liberties cases?
Tests can be replaced as the court redefines limits on civil liberties
What branch of the US government makes decisions concerning the constitutionality of US laws?
In the United States the US Supreme Court decides if laws meet the requirements of the US Constitution.
Which case was the Supreme Court and first ruling on the Establishment Clause?
Two clauses of the first amendment concern the relationship of government to religion. There is the establishment clause and the free exercise clause. The clauses were intended to serve common values. The establishment clause purpose was intended to prohibit the federal government from declaring and financially support a national religion. The Supreme Court interpretation of the establishment clause does not begin until 1947 in Everson v Board of education. Voting 5 to 4 the court upheld a state law that reimburses parents for the cost of busing their children to parochial schools. If the state had reimbursed the parochial schools for the cost of transportation it would violate the establishment clause. Another case was a school sponsored prayer starting the school day in New York schools violated the establishment clause.
