Commerce between the states, and a state's representation in the senate
The Senate.
The Sevnteenth Amendment
There are two matters that the Article 5 of the Constitution of 1787 singles out. These matters include the commerce that takes place between the states and the representation each states receives within the senate.
It is based on equal representation for each state.
Commerce between the states, and a state's representation in the senate
No amendment could change equal representation in the senate without
No amendment can alter equal representation in the Senate without the consent of the state. This is expressed in Article I, Section 9 of the United States Constitution.
no state can be denied equal representation in the senate
According to Article V, two provisions, one which has expired, the other still in effect may not be amended. The first was importation of slaves the prohibition of which was forbidden until the early 1800's. The second is that no state may, without its own consent, be deprived of its equal representation in the senate. As the Constitution mandates an amendment is passed at three fourths ratification of the states this effectively means this provision of the Constitution cannot be amended as it would require more ratification votes than the Constitution permits meaning the amendment itself would be unconstitutional.
No branch of Congress ratifies an amendment. 2/3s of both houses (House and Senate) propose an amendment and send the proposed amendment out to the states for ratification. 3/4s of the states are needed to "ratify" an amendment. This is found in Article 5 of the Constitution.
Representation in the US senate is not based on population. Each state has two senators. The House's representation is based on population.
The Senate.
The senate
article 1
The Sevnteenth Amendment
The Senate is the house of Congress that is based on equal representation. The House of Representatives is numbered based on the population of the state but the Senate has equal representation for even states with a lower population.