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Marathon didn't affect the Peloponnese. It was the culmination of a punitive expedition sent by Persia specifically agains Athens and Eretria for involving themselves in the Persian Empire by burning the provincial capital of Asia Minor.

What Marathon did provoke was a Persian realisation that the mainland Greeks would always be tempted to help their kith and kin in the Greek cities in Asia Minor and so be a disruptive force to the Persian Empire's stability.

Persia therefore determined to bring mainland Greece into subjection as part of the Empire, and so establish an ehtnic frontier. The result was the full scale invasion ten years later (480 BCE) which did indeed affect the Peloponnese and all the other cities in mainland Greece.

After defeat of this invasion Athens established an anti-Persian defensive league which it turned into an empire of its own, and used the levies from the mambers to maintain overwhelming sea power, which set the Spartans and their allies as the land power and Athens and its allies as the sea power - a situation which ked to the 27-year war known erroneously as the Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE) - it encompassed the Greek world from Sicily to the Black Sea.

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15y ago

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