Mercator and Lambert projections are commonly used by (Ship) navigators and aircraft pilots and navigators, supplemented by GPs and other electronic aids. the Lambert system produces a compact circular (sectional) chart easily slipped into instrument housings like bomb sights, drift meters, etc, it is graduated in azimuth, hence making targeting of landmarks easy. in soe models the operators make adustemnts to keep the target destination in the center of the cross hairs- this is on a map, not the actual ground. the projection is as similar as possible so when the Bombardier takes the sights- the image will be familiar!
Portolan Chart.Portolan charts are navigational maps based on compass directions and estimated distances observed by the pilots at sea.The word portolan comes from the Italian adjective portolano, meaning "related to ports or harbours."
mercator mainly sometimes lambert it depends
compass rose
Lambert's Conformal Conic
You would use a Lambert Projection.
Radar
The type of map used by sailors is known as a chart. A pilot would use an aerial map or chart.
Polar Projections
distortion
A map projection is a flat representation of the Earth's global surface. There are for different types of projections-- those that focus on distance, those that focus on direction, those that focus on area, and those that focus on shape. Conformal map projections are the type that show the correct size of continents but distort area size.
=The curved surface of the earth cannot be shown accurately on a map because such a surface must be stretched or broken in some places as it is flattened. For this reason mapmakers use map projections.=
These maps are called conic maps.
Barway pilots guide
the Mercator map
The type of map used by sailors is known as a chart. A pilot would use an aerial map or chart.
Barway pilots guide
Map Projections - 1977 was released on: USA: 1977
Textbook writers typically use cylindrical or pseudo-cylindrical map projections such as the Mercator, Robinson, or Mollweide projections. These projections provide a good balance between accuracy, distortion, and ease of understanding for educational purposes.
The Mercator projection World Map is the chart which is most distorted in the polar regions. Originally developed in the mid sixteenth century it was the most popular map for marine navigators for over 400 years. It is still useful for navigation at sea but has been supplanted by newer projections, especially after the advent of aviation navigation.
Polar Projections
Map makers are called cartographers. There are 3 generally accepted types of map projections. These are cylindrical projections, conic projects and planar projections.
distortion
The most common map projections are based on three main geometric shapes: 1) Sphere to a Plane 2) Cylindrical Projections, 3) Conic Projections.