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The vast majority of artificial satellites orbit in a counter-clockwise direction from the perspective of an observer high above the north pole. That's the same way as the Earth's rotation.

There's a reason for that. Near the equator, the rotational speed of the Earth's surface is over 1000 miles per hour. In order to reach low earth orbit, a satellite must be accelerated to a little over 18,000 miles per hour. So from the perspective of the rocket scientist, his satellite is already going 1,000 miles per hour before he ever launches it; only 17,000 MPH to go!

Launched the other way, east to west, it takes 1000 MPH of rocket fuel just to get the satellite to STAND STILL, and you still have to boost it to 18000 MPH to reach orbit.

Of the ones that aren't fired CCW, most of them are launched into polar orbits that pass over the north and south poles (or pretty close to it).

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Q: Does the space station rotate against or with the earth's rotation?
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