January 4, give or take a day or 2.
No. The dates appear to vary by 1 to 3 days either way, as seen from our calendar.
It depends on the location and time of year.
There is no set time of year that they happen. They can happen at any time. It is better when they happen during the southern hemisphere's winter, as the nights are longer and darker then, so they are more spectacular.
depends on what country you are in??
1955 was a common year starting on a Saturday. As of 2011, the next time this year will happen is in 2022.
no
No. The dates appear to vary by 1 to 3 days either way, as seen from our calendar.
Perihelion
Yes.
January 3, 2010 was the date of the "most recent" perihelion. Hopefully, not the "last" one.
It is NOT the June solstice, as some may assume. It is a few days later. This year it was, I believe, July 4. After that point, the earth began to accelerate and will continue to do so until it reaches perihelion in early January. The solstice has to do with the tilt of the earth's axis, and our farthest approach to the sun, aphelion, has to do with the eliptical shape of our orbit around the sun. These two things are independent, and we happen to be living at a time when the solstices are very close to aphelion and perihelion. Nothing requires that earth's axial tilt must have a certain orientation to our orbit. In fact, they are moving relative to each other all the time as a result of what is called precession.
On January 2 or 3 each year.
On January 3 each year, the Earth is at perihelion, which is the closest position to the sun during its entire orbit.
This does seem strange, since periods of daylight start to lengthen after winter solstice on December 21. The reason is because the solstice and perihelion do not happen at the same moment. Perihelion is the point at when the earth is physically closest to the sun, and this happens several days after solstice. This means that the earth's orbital velocity is increasing for several days after solstice, and so the relatively constant rotation of the earth on its axis has to still 'catch up' with solar time. This is not easy to grasp, and it is not easy to visualize. Studying the Equation of Time will help clear this up. One major hurdle to understanding this is the common mis-understanding that solstice and perihelion are either the same thing, or that they happen at the same instant. They are not the same thing, and they do not happen together.
Yes. Cyclones can happen at any time of year.
Tornadoes can happen at any time of year but they are most common in sprind and early summer.
Earth reaches 'perihelion' ... the point in its orbit that's closest to the sun ... at some time during the first few days of January each year.