The Enlightenment (1700-1800 CE) was an age of intellectual and philosophical production. There are many writers associated with the Enlightenment. In 1748, David Hume wrote 'An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding' and Charles de Montesquieu wrote 'The Spirit of the Laws.' David Diderot wrote the first volume of 'The Encyclopedia' in 1751 and in 1759, Voltaire wrote a critique of Catholicism, 'Candide.' Immanuel Kant wrote a Critique of Pure Reason in 1781.Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote the 'Social Contract' in 1762. Cesar Beccaria wrote about the use of torture in his book 'On Crimes and Punishment' in 1764. Finally, Mary Wollstonecraft wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Woman in 1792. Each one of these authors made an important contribution to the writings of the Enlightenment.
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One of the leading Enlightenment writers was Voltaire, a French philosopher and writer known for his advocacy of freedom of speech, separation of church and state, and critical views on organized religion and superstition. His works, such as "Candide," were influential in promoting rationalism and tolerance during the Enlightenment era.