Yes, it can if faulty or missing.
That depends on the engine and the fuel you've used. If the engine starts burning oil a catalytic converter can fail rapidly. Some fuel additives can also cause a catalytic converter to fail prematurely.
Yes!
It may do that but it will surely fail all emission standards. If you fail that then you can't drive it anyway.
Yes, a bad ignition coil / misfire will cause an unburned mixture of gas/air to go into cat converter which will than combust in it and cause damage to either catalitic converter, oxygen sensor(s) or both. J.Dropic
It may cause seals to fail and fluid to leak from the vent on the trans case. It may also cause converter/pump failure.
If you don't do your homework -- yes, it will cause you to fail. Doing homework will not cause you to fail.
The solenoids of a transmission such as the torque converter clutch (TCC) are designed to last the life of the vehicle. However, as in all electrical-mechanical components they can and will fail. What is more important to focus on is that when a TCC and valve body components fail they can cause a cascade effect resulting in the catastrophic break-down of the transmission.
A Catalytic Converter can fail if it becomes clogged or poisoned but there is no way of knowing when it is clogged. Replace your Catalytic Converter when it starts to malfunction.
you will fail the emissions test.
I would not drive it very far at all if possible. This is likely a failed coil, causing misfiring and your unburnt fuel will be dealt with by the catalytic converter. That Cat will eventually fail if you continue to drive it. So run the car into your nearest dealer and have them run a computer check on it. The replacement cost for a coil is around $40... a lot cheaper than a catalytic converter...
Yes, the Taurus can run without the catalytic converter--it is not necessarily good for the engine, but disconnecting it will cause it to fail emissions testing. If you've seen the Honda Civics running around smoking like a factory, this is caused by no electrolytic converter. The O2 sensor could be in the exhaust pipe between the manifold and converter.