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In the early 19th Century, long-distance travel overland was done mostly by horse-drawn coach. Steam railways became established for passenger use in the 1820s but did not cover appreciable distances until the mid-1830s, when inter-city rail connections began to be built. From late Georgian times there were steam road coaches, and in England at least there was actually a steam-coach service from Birmingham to London, but it was slow and subject to frequent mechanical breakdown. Large, comfortable passenger horse coaches were the usual mode of long-distance travel in the early years of the Century, though the fit and able-bodied rode horses which they would use in relays, changing horses at inns when the horse got tired and needed a rest. Overseas transport was done by sailing ship, though paddle-steamer liners began to be introduced at around the same time as the development of railway expansion. In areas such as the Middle East and India, long-haul travel was done using other draft animals such as camels and elephants, and Arab traders used convoys of camels known as caravans to transport their goods across the desert.

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8y ago

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