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What is the major anion in the extracellular fluids of the body?
Major Intracellular cation - K+ (Potassium) Major Extracellular cation - Na+ (Sodium) Major Intracellular anion - PO4+ (Phosphate) Major Extracellular anion - Cl- (Chloride)
Cross-bridge formation that results in muscle contraction requires intracellular?
the major intracellular ion in crossbridge formation is what
What is the most abundant mineral in the extracellular space?
The most abundant mineral in the extracellular space is sodium (Na+)
A protein that binds the calcium in smooth muscle?
Calmodulin is a protein that binds calcium ions in smooth muscle cells. When calcium binds to calmodulin, it triggers a series of intracellular signaling events that lead to smooth muscle contraction.
What chemical causes a decrease in the blood calcium level?
The hormone produced by the para follicular cells of the thyroid gland is calcitonin (CT). CT can decrease the level of calcium in the blood by inhibiting the action of osteoclasts, the cells that break down bone extracellular matrix. The secretion of CT is controlled by a negative feedback system. When its blood level is high,calcitonin lowers the amount of blood calcium and phosphates by inhibiting bone resorption (breakdown of bone extracellular matrix) by osteoclasts and by accelerating uptake of calcium and phosphates into bone extracellular matrix.
During contraction of the heart muscle cells?
some calcium enters the cell from the extracellular space and triggers the release of larger amounts of calcium from intracellular stores
What is the chloride ion concentration in intracellular fluid?
Every Laboratory has specfic values that their Lab Medicine Docs have signed off as being Normal Values, however, generally The Intracellular Concentration of Chloride in Eukaryotic Cells is 5 milliMoles. The Extracellular Concentration of Chloride is 110 mM. The Intracellular Concentration of Calcium is < 1 mM The Extracellular Concentration of Calcium is 1.8 mM
What is the major anion in the extracellular fluids of the body?
Major Intracellular cation - K+ (Potassium) Major Extracellular cation - Na+ (Sodium) Major Intracellular anion - PO4+ (Phosphate) Major Extracellular anion - Cl- (Chloride)
What would happen to intracellular calcium levels if a muscle fiber were treated with a calcium channel-blocking drug?
It would increse the intracellular calcium
What is found in extracellular fluid?
The principal elements in the extracellular fluid are sodium, potassium and calcium.
What happened to the neurotransmitter release when switched from the control extracellular fluid to the extracellular fluid with no calcium?
There is no neurotransmitter release from the axon terminal when there are no calcium ions in the extracellular solution. This is because the exocytosis of the synaptic vesicles is calcium dependent.
What can be found in the lumen of a transverse tubule?
The lumen of a transverse tubule contains extracellular fluid that allows for the propagation of action potentials deep into the muscle fiber. It also contains voltage-gated calcium channels that are crucial for excitation-contraction coupling in muscle cells.
True or False The most abundant negative ion in extracellular fluid is calcium?
False. The most abundant negative ion in extracellular fluid is chloride, not calcium. Calcium is usually found as a positively charged ion in extracellular fluid.
What is the most cation extracellular fluid?
calcium ; sodium
What is the normal direction of calcium transport via the calcium pump?
out of the cell, against the concentration gradient.The calcium pump moves calcium ions out of the cell - from the cytoplasm to the extracellular fluid. Because the calcium concentration is much higher outside the cell compared to the inside, this transport is against the calcium concentration gradient. Inside calcium concentrations often increase in response to hormones and nerve input. Calcium pumps are important in terminating these responses by returning calcium concentrations to resting levels.
What is an extracellular cation that contributes to the hardness of bones and teeth?
Calcium
What is the purpose of the sodium-calcium exchanger in cardiac muscle?
Unlike skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles need extracellular calcium ions in order to perform contractions. The sodium-calcium exchanger is the protein that facilitates this transfer, trading calcium from outside the cardiac cell with sodium inside the cell.
