How are amino acids joined?

Answer 1

Every amino acid has 5 main parts to it, a carbon in the middle bonded to a Hydrogen, a variable group, a carboxyl group and an amine group. The important 2 for bonding are the carboxyl group which has a carbon double bonded to an Oxygen and a single bond to a hydroxyl group. The amine group is a nitrogen group bonded to 2 hydrogen.

In order to bond, the amine group of one amino acid has to align with the carboxyl group of another. Then, the hydroxyl group of the carboxyl will react with a hydrogen on the amino group to release a water in a process known as dehydration synthesis. As the water gets removed, the nitrogen from the amine group bonds to the carbon in the carboxyl, completing a peptide bond between our 2 amino acids. These peptide bonds can occur at either end of an amino acid, allowing us to make long chains of daunting length.

Since amino acid sequences are often so long, the structure can easily be affected by other amino acids far away in the linear chain. On the small scale, this allows for amino acid chains that either form helices or pleated sheets. On a larger scale, the chains can make complex bonding patterns that fold back, twist, turn, and allow for the basis of all life!

Answer 2

They are joined together in a peptide bond. This bond occurs when water is removed (dehydration). The amino terminus (lacking two hydrogen atoms), containg a nitrogen atom of one amino acid bonds with the carboxyl terminus (lacking an oxygen atom), containing a carbon atom, of another thus joined together.

Answer 3

Amino acids all have similar structures - an amine group, a carboxyl group and a residual (or side) group. When two amino acids react, the amine and carboxyl groups bond with each other, producing water as a byproduct. This is known as a condensation reaction - as water is produced. In the cell this process is aided by genetic instruction with the use of DNA, mRNA, and tRNA. DNA "unzips" its double helix shape, allowing a single strand of mRNA to be formed. This then travels to outside the nucleus towards the ribosomes, which allows for amino acids to be bonded to each other to form a protein structure. tRNA is attracted to specific codons in the strand of mRNA, which in effect holds the amino acids' respective groups in the right place for the reaction to happen (tRNA holds amino acids). This happens constantly in the human body.

Answer 4

In a protein molecule, the amino acids are bound together by peptide bonds. Peptide bonds are formed between the amino group and carboxylic group of consecutive amino acids, by loss of water molecule.

Answer 5

One Amino acid is connected ( joined ) to other amino acid by peptide bond. Amino acids have one carboxylic group and a amino group. in peptide bond formation carboxylic group ( COOH ) of one amino acid combines with amino group ( NH 2 ) Group of other amino acid. In this way large number of amino acid can combine to form a long chain of polypeptide ( Protein )

Answer 6

Amino acids are bonded together by peptide bonds, in which the C-terminus (carboxylic acid group) of the amino acid bonds with the N-terminus (amine group) of each amino acid, respectively. There are 20 amino acids commonly found in animal cells and the human body, and the countless different sequences of these amino acids bonding to each other (by peptide bonds) creates protein structure.

Answer 7

amino acids may be joined by a PEPTIDE bond, formed through DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS

Answer 8

Amino acids are linked together through covalent bonds that are specifically called peptide bonds.