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How does the Calvin cycle reaction facilitate the regeneration of RuBP in photosynthesis?
The Calvin cycle reaction helps regenerate RuBP in photosynthesis by using ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide into sugars. This process allows RuBP to be continuously regenerated and used in capturing more carbon dioxide for further sugar production.
In fermentation is ATP produced by substrate level phosphorylation or oxidative phosphorylation or both or neither?
ATP in fermentation is typically produced by substrate-level phosphorylation, which involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from a phosphorylated substrate. Oxidative phosphorylation, which involves the use of an electron transport chain to produce ATP, is not generally involved in fermentation.
Is removing phosphate from ATP to form ADP known as phosphorylation?
Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate to ADP to form ATP. ADP + P = ATP Dephosphorylation is the removal of a phosphate from ATP to form ADP. ATP - P = ADP
Different between oxidative phosphorylation and substrate level phosphorylation?
Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during Glycolysis and the Kreb's Cycle and involves the physical addition of a free phosphate to ADP to form ATP. Oxidative phosphorylation, on the other hand, takes place along the electron transport chain, where ATP is synthesized indirectly from the creation of a proton gradient and the movement of these protons back accross the membrane through the protein channel, ATP synthase. As the protons pass through, ATP is created.
How many ATP molecules could be made through substrate-level phosphorylation plus oxidative phosphorylation chemiosmosis if you started with three molecules of succinyl CoA and ended with oxaloaceta?
From one molecule of succinyl CoA, substrate-level phosphorylation generates 1 ATP, whereas oxidative phosphorylation chemiosmosis produces approximately 12 ATP. Therefore, for three molecules of succinyl CoA, a total of 39 ATP molecules could be produced (3 ATP from substrate-level phosphorylation and 36 ATP from oxidative phosphorylation chemiosmosis).
How many ATP molecules are required to regenerate RuBP from five G3P molecules?
None. The Calvin cycle uses ATP and results in ADP.
Where is ATP needed in the Calvin cycle?
ATP is needed in the Calvin cycle to power the phosphorylation of molecules, such as the conversion of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) to 3-phosphoglycerate. This process requires energy from ATP to facilitate the necessary chemical reactions for carbon fixation.
What three substances are introduced into the Calvin benson cycle to produce to sugar molecules?
The Calvin Benson cycle uses ATP (adenosine triphosphate), NADPH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), and CO2 (carbon dioxide) to create glucose.
Chlorophyll is to the light reactions as is to the Calvin cycle. a. NADP plus b. carbon dioxide c. ATP d. ATP synthase e. RuBP?
Rubp
How does the Calvin cycle reaction facilitate the regeneration of RuBP in photosynthesis?
The Calvin cycle reaction helps regenerate RuBP in photosynthesis by using ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide into sugars. This process allows RuBP to be continuously regenerated and used in capturing more carbon dioxide for further sugar production.
In the Calvin-Benson cycle which can donate phosphate?
In the Calvin-Benson cycle, ATP can donate a phosphate group to regenerate ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) in the regeneration phase of the cycle. This process is vital for the continuation of carbon fixation and the production of carbohydrates.
ATP can convert to ADP during what?
Phosphorylation. It can be done by direct transfer of phosphate group (substrate-level phosphorylation), by the use of proton gradient (oxidative phosphorylation), or by using sunlight (photophosphorylation).
How does RuBP get regenerated?
RuBP (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate) gets regenerated during the Calvin cycle, a series of enzymatic reactions that occur in the stroma of chloroplasts. The enzyme RuBisCO catalyzes the addition of carbon dioxide to RuBP, forming an unstable molecule that quickly breaks down into two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. These molecules are then converted into other compounds, ultimately leading to the regeneration of RuBP to continue the cycle.
In fermentation is ATP produced by substrate level phosphorylation or oxidative phosphorylation or both or neither?
ATP in fermentation is typically produced by substrate-level phosphorylation, which involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from a phosphorylated substrate. Oxidative phosphorylation, which involves the use of an electron transport chain to produce ATP, is not generally involved in fermentation.
Is removing phosphate from ATP to form ADP known as phosphorylation?
Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate to ADP to form ATP. ADP + P = ATP Dephosphorylation is the removal of a phosphate from ATP to form ADP. ATP - P = ADP
What is produced from substrate level phosphorylation?
ATP is produced from substrate level phosphorylation during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration.
Substrate level phosphorylation accounts for approximately what percentage of ATP formed during glycolysis?
100%. Substrate level phosphorylation accounts for about 10% of ATP generated by respiration. The other 90% is generated by oxidative phosphorylation.
