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Is the membrane permeable to protons?
Yes, the membrane is permeable to protons.
Why aren't protons able to diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Protons are unable to diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane because the membrane contains proteins called ATP synthase that provide a specific pathway for protons to pass through. This selective permeability allows protons to be utilized by ATP synthase to generate ATP during oxidative phosphorylation.
Why are protons (H) pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Protons (H) are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane to create a proton gradient, which is used to generate ATP through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. This ATP is the main source of energy for the cell.
What moves across the inner mitochondrial membrane to synthesize ATP during chemiosmosis?
Protons (H+ ions) move across the inner mitochondrial membrane through ATP synthase to synthesize ATP during chemiosmosis. This process is driven by the proton gradient that is established during electron transport chain reactions.
Can ATP synthase move about in the cytosol of the mitochondrian?
Definitely not, as ATP synthase is a membrane-bound enzyme. It is integrated into the inner mitochondrial membrane (and the thylakoid membrane in chloroplasts).
Is the membrane permeable to protons?
Yes, the membrane is permeable to protons.
What membrane is permeable to protons.?
The inner mitochondrial membrane is permeable to protons, specifically during the process of oxidative phosphorylation. This membrane contains protein complexes that facilitate the electron transport chain and the subsequent movement of protons (H⁺ ions) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space, creating a proton gradient. This gradient is essential for ATP synthesis, as protons flow back into the matrix through ATP synthase, driving the conversion of ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP.
Why aren't protons able to diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Protons are unable to diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane because the membrane contains proteins called ATP synthase that provide a specific pathway for protons to pass through. This selective permeability allows protons to be utilized by ATP synthase to generate ATP during oxidative phosphorylation.
Why are protons (H) pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Protons (H) are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane to create a proton gradient, which is used to generate ATP through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. This ATP is the main source of energy for the cell.
What is responsible for pumping protons out of the mitochondrial matrix?
The inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to protons on its own, so the energy of the proton gradient is stable. This means that energy is needed to make the protons go somewhere, thereby continuing the electron transport system.
What protein complex in the inner mitochondrial membrane allows protons to return to the matrix?
The protein complex responsible for allowing protons to return to the matrix in the inner mitochondrial membrane is called ATP synthase. It uses the energy from the flowing protons to produce ATP, which is the main energy currency of the cell.
What membrane do protons cross in the synthesis of ATP?
Protons cross the inner mitochondrial membrane during ATP synthesis in a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. This movement of protons creates a gradient that is used to drive the production of ATP by ATP synthase.
How does the cell use the charge differences that build up across the inner mitochondrial membrane during cellular respiration?
The charge differences across the inner mitochondrial membrane are used to generate ATP through a process called chemiosmosis. Protons are pumped across the membrane, creating a proton gradient. As protons flow back across the membrane through ATP synthase, ATP is produced. This process is essential for providing energy to the cell.
Which molecules are responsible for creating a chemiosmotic gradient?
Protons (H+) are the main molecules responsible for creating a chemiosmotic gradient across biological membranes. In cellular respiration, the electron transport chain pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a gradient that drives ATP synthesis through ATP synthase.
What moves across the inner mitochondrial membrane to synthesize ATP during chemiosmosis?
Protons (H+ ions) move across the inner mitochondrial membrane through ATP synthase to synthesize ATP during chemiosmosis. This process is driven by the proton gradient that is established during electron transport chain reactions.
How and why do inner and outer mitochondrial membranes differ in permeability?
The inner mitochondrial membrane is selectively permeable and highly impermeable to ions and polar molecules due to the presence of transport proteins like ATP synthase and carriers for metabolites. This allows for the establishment of a proton gradient necessary for ATP production. In contrast, the outer mitochondrial membrane is more permeable and allows for the passage of ions, metabolites, and small proteins, facilitating communication and transport of molecules between the mitochondria and the cytosol.
What possesses occurs across the mitochondrial membrane?
Mitochondrial membrane potential is generated by the electron transport chain (ETC) during oxidative phosphorylation, where electrons are transferred through a series of protein complexes. This process pumps protons (H⁺ ions) from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space, creating an electrochemical gradient. This gradient drives ATP synthesis as protons flow back into the matrix through ATP synthase. Additionally, various metabolites and ions can also cross the mitochondrial membrane via specific transporters, facilitating metabolic functions.
