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How does ATP couple exergonic and endergonic reactions?
Energy is usually released from the ATP molecule to do work in the cell by a reaction that removes one of the phosphate- oxygen groups, leaving adenosine disphosphate (ADP). When the ATP converts to ADP, the ATP is said to be spent. Then the ADP is usually immediately recycled in mitochondria where it is recharged and comes out again as ATP.
What is one product of the light-dependent reaction?
The light dependent reaction produces two useful substances for the plant: ATP and NADPH. In addition it produces a waste product, oxygen gas. The ATP and the NADPH are then used in the light independent reaction. The oxygen is released into the atmosphere.
An ATP forming reaction that requires oxygen?
One example of an ATP forming reaction that requires oxygen is oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the mitochondria. During this process, energy is produced by the electron transport chain as electrons are passed along proteins and ultimately combine with oxygen to form water. This creates a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis through ATP synthase.
What is the name of the enzyme used in the ATP ADP cycle?
"If you remove just one of these phosphate groups from the end, so that there are just two phosphate groups, the molecule is much happier. This conversion from ATP to ADP is an extremely crucial reaction for the supplying of energy for life processes."
What is a coupled reaction using as an example the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate?
A coupled reaction is two reactions that occur together. One reaction is necessary for the other to occur.The conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate is a good example. The first step that the cell takes in glycolysis (the beginning of the cellular respiration of glucose) is to convert glucose into glucose-6-phosphate. This phosphorylation requires an energy input, and therefore will not occur spontaneously.In the cell, both the necessary energy and the phosphate group are provided by a molecule of ATP. The free energy released by the conversion of ATP into ADP and a phosphate ion (Pi) is far greater than the energy required for the phosphorylation of glucose, and so, when the two reactions are coupled together, the phosphorylation of glucose goes ahead.To couple these reactions a hexokinase is required. This enzyme needs magnesium as a cofactor.
When ADP is created from ATP what type of reaction occurs?
break down of ATP into adp occurs when the one peptide bond of ATP is broken down.
How does ATP couple exergonic and endergonic reactions?
Energy is usually released from the ATP molecule to do work in the cell by a reaction that removes one of the phosphate- oxygen groups, leaving adenosine disphosphate (ADP). When the ATP converts to ADP, the ATP is said to be spent. Then the ADP is usually immediately recycled in mitochondria where it is recharged and comes out again as ATP.
What is a classic coupled reaction?
A classic coupled reaction is the hydrolysis of ATP, where energy released from the break down of ATP is used to drive an endergonic reaction. This coupling of reactions is common in many cellular processes, where the energy released from one reaction is utilized to power another reaction.
What is the role of ATP synthetase in the light dependent reaction?
In the presence of ATP synthetase enzyme ADP is converted in to ATP by uniting one more phosphate bond, storing chemical energy.
Name a photolytic reaction that is not a decomposition reaction?
One example of a photolytic reaction that is not a decomposition reaction is the photolysis of water during photosynthesis. In this reaction, light energy is used to split water molecules into oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons, which are then used in the production of energy-rich molecules like ATP and NADPH.
What is one product of the light-dependent reaction?
The light dependent reaction produces two useful substances for the plant: ATP and NADPH. In addition it produces a waste product, oxygen gas. The ATP and the NADPH are then used in the light independent reaction. The oxygen is released into the atmosphere.
What molecule acts as the energy currency for cell?
ATP
What reaction provides energy to power muscles?
The breakdown of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules in muscle cells releases energy that powers muscle contractions. During strenuous exercise, the breakdown of ATP provides immediate energy for muscle activity.
What product of light reactions are required for the dark reactions?
The inputs of the Dark Reaction are NADPH, ATP, and CO2. The NADPH and ATP, which were produced in the Light Reactions, fix the carbon into a carbohydrate such as glucose. Enzymes are also needed for the Dark Reaction to take place. One such enzyme is Rubisco, which interacts with CO2 and RuBP in the first step of the Dark Reaction.
Does the nervous system release ATP into contracting muscle tissues?
ATP is required and used in may process by cells and it one action is indeed nervous system related. Activity-dependent release of ATP from synapses, axons and glia activates purinergic membrane receptors in muscles it is used as a signalling molecule. However, note that ATP is required for the shortening of actin and myosin filament crossbridges required for muscle contraction. This latter process is one of the main energy requirements of animals and is essential for locomotion and respiration. The source of this ATP is not from the nervous system.
How many ATP molecules are produced from one glucose molecule in gylcolsis?
In anaerobic respiration one glucose molecule produces a net gain of two ATP molecules (four ATP molecules are produced during glycolysis but two are required by enzymes used during the process). In aerobic respiration a molecule of glucose is much more profitable in that a net worth of 34 ATP molecules are generated (32 gross with two being required in the process).
How much ATP are needed to fuel the process of cellular respiration?
Starting with Glycolysis, 2 ATP are required to start. 4 ATP are produced by the end of Glycolysis, with a NET ATP of 2.
