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What is the definition of a lagging strand?
A lagging strand is one of two strands of DNA found at the replication fork, or junction, in the double helix; the other strand is called the leading strand. A lagging strand requires a slight delay before undergoing replication, and it must undergo replication discontinuously in small fragments.
Compare the leading and lagging strands during replication?
The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction, making replication faster and more efficient. The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in short fragments called Okazaki fragments, which are later joined together by DNA ligase. This process of replication is slower and requires additional steps compared to the leading strand.
Which of the following statements best explains why the leading and lagging strands are synthesized using two different mechanisms?
The leading strand is created continuously, but the lagging strand is created as small fragments, known as Okazaki fragments. These fragments are later joined together to form one complete strand.
Why is the leading strand considered continuous?
The leading strand is the correct orientation, so it can be replicated continuosly - meaning the DNA Polymerase can continue to add new nucleotides without stopping. New DNA strands can only be created in a 5' to 3' direction. This is different to the lagging strand - which must be looped and copied in small, non-continuos segments. These segments are known as Okazaki fragments.
Why is replication on one strand of DNA continuous while on the other strand the replication must be discontinuous?
DNA replication proceeds in opposite directions on the two strands of DNA due to their antiparallel structure. The leading strand is synthesized continuously towards the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in segments called Okazaki fragments away from the replication fork. This difference is due to the need for primers to start each new DNA fragment on the lagging strand.
What is the definition of a lagging strand?
A lagging strand is one of two strands of DNA found at the replication fork, or junction, in the double helix; the other strand is called the leading strand. A lagging strand requires a slight delay before undergoing replication, and it must undergo replication discontinuously in small fragments.
Compare the leading and lagging strands during replication?
The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction, making replication faster and more efficient. The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in short fragments called Okazaki fragments, which are later joined together by DNA ligase. This process of replication is slower and requires additional steps compared to the leading strand.
What are okazaki fragments used to elongate?
Okazaki fragments are used to elongate the lagging strand. These fragments are used as primers for RNA polymerase to fill up the gaps in the newly formed complimentary DNA on the lagging strand. DNA ligase then seals up the gaps.
Which of the following statements best explains why the leading and lagging strands are synthesized using two different mechanisms?
The leading strand is created continuously, but the lagging strand is created as small fragments, known as Okazaki fragments. These fragments are later joined together to form one complete strand.
At each replication fork one new strand of DNA is made of many small pieces what is the strand of DNA?
The lagging stand~Brainly
Why is the leading strand considered continuous?
The leading strand is the correct orientation, so it can be replicated continuosly - meaning the DNA Polymerase can continue to add new nucleotides without stopping. New DNA strands can only be created in a 5' to 3' direction. This is different to the lagging strand - which must be looped and copied in small, non-continuos segments. These segments are known as Okazaki fragments.
Why is replication on one strand of DNA continuous while on the other strand the replication must be discontinuous?
DNA replication proceeds in opposite directions on the two strands of DNA due to their antiparallel structure. The leading strand is synthesized continuously towards the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in segments called Okazaki fragments away from the replication fork. This difference is due to the need for primers to start each new DNA fragment on the lagging strand.
What is replication forks?
A replication fork is the mechanism by which a strand of DNA is synthesized. If you can imagine a strand of DNA unwound, then it would resemble a ladder. Unzip the DNA and it now looks like a fork, ie fork in road, not eating fork. There is a Leading strand, which is synthesised easily. USing DNA polymerase which 'reads' along the strand in the 3' to 5' direction on the strand, producing a replication strand in the 5' to 3' direction. The opposite strand is called the lagging strand, and this is slightly more complicated. DNA polymerase cannot read in the 5' to 3' direction on the template strand. Thus DNA primase is used to read the strand and replicate small RNA segments, called Okazaki fragments. The lagging strand has no been copied into many small strands of RNA, or Okazaki fragments. Next DNA polymerase comes along and replaces all the RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides. ANd finally DNA ligase 'stitches' all the small fragments into one long strand.
At each replication fork one new strand of DNA is made of many small pieces. what is the strand of DNA called?
When the two parent strands of DNA are separated to begin replication, one strand is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction while the other strand is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction. DNA replication, however, is inflexible: the enzyme that carries out the replication, DNA polymerase, only functions in the 5' to 3' direction. This characteristic of DNA polymerase means that the daughter strands synthesize through different methods, one adding nucleotides one by one in the direction of the replication fork, the other able to add nucleotides only in chunks. The first strand, which replicates nucleotides one by one is called the leading strand; the other strand, which replicates in chunks, is called the lagging strand. The lagging strand replicates in small segments, called Okazaki fragments. These fragments are stretches of 100 to 200 nucleotides in humans (1000 to 2000 in bacteria).
What enzyme used to join the DNA strand that is replicated in small segments called?
DNA ligase is the enzyme used to join the DNA strand that is replicated in small segments called Okazaki fragments. It helps to seal the breaks in the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA, ensuring that the fragments are connected into a continuous strand.
Why are there many replication forks?
A replication fork is the mechanism by which a strand of DNA is synthesized. If you can imagine a strand of DNA unwound, then it would resemble a ladder. Unzip the DNA and it now looks like a fork, ie fork in road, not eating fork. There is a Leading strand, which is synthesised easily. USing DNA polymerase which 'reads' along the strand in the 3' to 5' direction on the strand, producing a replication strand in the 5' to 3' direction. The opposite strand is called the lagging strand, and this is slightly more complicated. DNA polymerase cannot read in the 5' to 3' direction on the template strand. Thus DNA primase is used to read the strand and replicate small RNA segments, called Okazaki fragments. The lagging strand has no been copied into many small strands of RNA, or Okazaki fragments. Next DNA polymerase comes along and replaces all the RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides. ANd finally DNA ligase 'stitches' all the small fragments into one long strand.
What is an end replication problem?
The two strands of a DNA molecule are antiparallel to one another (the backbone of one strand runs from 5'-3' while the complimentary strand runs 3'-5'). Unfortunately, DNA polymerase, the enzyme responsible for replicating DNA, can only make DNA in a 5'-3' direction (and read DNA in the 3'-5' direction). Also, it needs a "primer" to give it a place to bind and start replication. So this creates a problem when synthesizing the 3'-5' stand because your enzyme will only synthesize 5'-3'. During replication this is solved by synthesizing small pieces of DNA ahead of the replication fork on the 5'-3' mother strand. Thus we have one daughter strand which is synthesized as a continuous piece of DNA (called the leading strand) and one daughter strand which is synthesized in small, discontinuous pieces (called the lagging strand). However, at the extreme end of the DNA, we run into another problem. The leading stand can be made to the very end, but the lagging strand cannot because you need the RNA primer upstream to begin each piece of the lagging strand DNA but at the end of the DNA there is nothing for this piece to attach to. Thus, the last section of the lagging strand cannot be synthesized and after several rounds of DNA replication, the DNA molecule gets smaller and smaller. This is "the end of replication problem" and it is solved by putting a DNA cap on the ends of DNA called a telomere which does not code for any protein, thus when this information is lost it does not have severe consequences for the cell.
