What does it mean when it is said that DNA is the template?

Answer 1

When DNA replicates, it is "unzipped", or split in half. Each half will be left with only one half of a base pair (A&T, C&G). To make new DNA, the single helix will act as a template to build the complementary single helix, which will in turn create a new double helix. Since each element of a base pair can only pair with its other half, the helix is a map, or template, for the new helix.

The same concept applies when talking about transcription, or the formation of RNA. However, RNA replaces thymine (T) with uracil (U).

Answer 2

When DNA is referred to as the template, it means that it serves as the guide or pattern for building proteins during the process of gene expression. The information encoded in the DNA sequence is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which is then translated into a specific sequence of amino acids to form proteins. This process is central to the functioning of cells and organisms.