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An X linked carrier is one who carries a mutation in a gene found on the X sex chromosome. A carrier of the trait doesn't display phenotypic symptoms of the disease or mutation but can transfer the mutation in that gene to their offspring (ex: the carrier of a premutation that when transferred to the offspring via the X chromosome will cause the full mutation associated with that gene). A person could be a homozygous carrier if for instance, she were female (two X chromosomes) and carried the premutation associated with the disease. Some diseases need both alleles of the gene to be mutated. If only one allele is mutated (heterozygote) that person may be a carrier for that mutation and can thus pass on that mutation to their children.
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How many genotypes are possible in a pedigree of sex linked traits?
In a pedigree of sex-linked traits, there are three possible genotypes for males: XY (unaffected), XeY (affected), and XeX (carrier). For females, there are two possible genotypes: XX (unaffected) and XeX (carrier). This makes a total of 5 possible genotypes in a sex-linked trait pedigree.
What is the genotpe of a female carrier of a sex-linked genetic disorder?
Human females have an XX genotype while males have XY. In some organisms this is opposite or entirely different. A sex linked trait means that it is carried on either the X chromosome or the Y. If the sex linked trait is carried on the X chromosome and a female's father is a carrier for that trait then she would inherit it from her father because her father can only giver her his X chromosome. The father being a "carrier" means his X chromosome would have the trait but his Y chromosome would not because it is not carried on the Y and he would not display the phenotype for this trait. If the mother displays the phenotype for the trait then her daughter will as well because she can only give an X chromosome to her daughter. So to answer your question the woman would have an XX genotype (excluding abnormalities such as turner's syndrome and triple X syndrome)
What do slashes mean in sex linked traits?
In sex-linked traits, slashes are used to designate the sex of an individual and the genotype for a specific trait. For example, in females with two X chromosomes and a recessive allele for a trait, the genotype would be represented as X^bX^b (affected) or X^BX^b (carrier). In males, the genotype is represented with just one X chromosome, as in X^bY (affected) or X^BY (unaffected).
What is the process for calculating probabilities in pedigrees of X-linked conditions?
To calculate probabilities in pedigrees of X-linked conditions, you need to consider the inheritance pattern of the X chromosome. Males inherit their X chromosome from their mother and their Y chromosome from their father, while females inherit one X chromosome from each parent. By analyzing the family tree and identifying carriers and affected individuals, you can determine the likelihood of passing on the X-linked condition to future generations. This involves understanding the chances of a carrier mother passing on the affected X chromosome to her children, and the different probabilities for males and females inheriting the condition.
Sex-linked diseases are more likely to affect sons of female carriers because why?
The son would automatically get the Y chromosome from the father. The son's X chromosome has to come from his mother. Females are XX, so he has a fifty-fifty chance of receiving the disease carrying gene. If he receives the disease carrying gene he will have the disease, if he doesn't then he will neither have the disease nor be a carrier. A daughter has to receive one X chromosome from her father and one from her mother. If the father doesn't have the disease, then the daughter cannot have it. If the mother is a carrier, then she has a fifty-fifty chance of being a carrier.
How many genotypes are possible in a pedigree of sex linked traits?
In a pedigree of sex-linked traits, there are three possible genotypes for males: XY (unaffected), XeY (affected), and XeX (carrier). For females, there are two possible genotypes: XX (unaffected) and XeX (carrier). This makes a total of 5 possible genotypes in a sex-linked trait pedigree.
What chromosomes does hemophilia occur on?
Hemophilia is a X linked recessive disorder. Usually the mother is an unaffected carrier and her son unfortunately receives the X chromosome in which hemophilia is linked to.
What are the odds of offspring having a sex linked disorder if mother is carrier?
The odds depend on the specific sex-linked disorder. For carrier mothers of an X-linked recessive disorder, there is a 50% chance of passing the affected gene to a son (who would be affected) and a 50% chance of passing the gene to a daughter (who would be a carrier). For X-linked dominant disorders, there is a 50% chance of passing the gene to both sons and daughters.
What does it mean for a female to be a carrier of an x linked trait?
They can, including hemophilia, which is almost always fatal for them. Its just much rarer since the Y chromosome is best thought of as a crippled X.
Can a male be homozygous for a sex linked character?
yes
How are carrier-linked prodrugs activated?
Carrier-linked drugs are often activated through hydrolysis.
What are the different types of carrier-linked prodrug?
The different types of carrier-linked prodrugs are bipartite, tripartite, and mutual. Bipartite structures consist of a carrier linked to a prodrug. Tripartite structues have a carrier linked to a drug via a linker. Mutual structures have two drugs linked to each other.
Why are X linked traits more common in mals then in females?
This is because males have one X chromosome while females have two. Example: Say a mother is homozygous for a certain recessive X-linked trait (ie x*x*) while the father does not have this x-linked trait (XY) If they have one boy and one girl: The girl will receive an x chromosome from each parent, and will be x*x: this means she will be a carrier only, and will not display this recessive trait. The boy will receive an x chromosome from his mom and a y chromosome from his dad, so he will have to be x*y. The boy will always display the trait. It works similarly if the mother is a carrier(ie x*x): the boy is more likely to display the trait because he gets only one x chromosome.
Which statements is untrue about X-linked disorders?
This question cannot be answered on WikiAnswers because we don't know any of the "following statements".
What kind of gene pair is found in the female carrier of a sex linked disorder?
In the female carrier of a sex-linked disorder, there would typically be one normal allele and one mutated allele for the gene associated with the disorder on the X chromosome. This is because females have two X chromosomes, and one copy of the X chromosome with the mutated allele can be masked by the normal allele on the other X chromosome.
Why can the father not be homozygous for a dominant trait?
Homozygousity is defined as having the two alleles that are the same for a certain locus. For example, AA or AA are both homozygous. Dominance, however, is a different concept and it is independent of homozygousity. In addition, both dominance and homozygousity are independent of the sex of the individual (unless the trait is X-linked) Therefore, the three possibilities of homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive for a trait are available for a male just as a female individual.
In biology an individual who has one copy of a recessive autosomal allele that causes disease in the homozygous condition?
carrier
