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Which is the process during meiotic cell division where there is a separation of homologous pairs of chromosomes?
Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes that carry genes that perform the same functions. Seperation of these chromosomes occurs during Mitosis where sister chromatids will be separated and pulled to opposite sides of a dividing cell. It also occurs during Meiosis 1 and 2 where in meiosis homologous chromosome pairs will line for the first time on the metaphase plate and be pulled to opposite sides of the cell and once again (without duplicating again) line up on the metaphase plate and be pulled to opposite ends of the cell.
So the separation of homologous chromosomes happens in Meiosis stage 1 where you have a diploid organism with 4 copies of its chromatids and these homologous chromosomes (chromatids connected by a centromere) are pulled to opposite ends of the cell.
What else can I help you with?
When does separation of homologous occur?
This is a term that means "the same as". If a certain substance is termed homologous then it means made up of the same material. Therefore, it won't be able to separate because it is only made from the one thing (one atom, one molecule etc.) Heterogenious is when something is made of more than a single type of thing.
How does the arrangement in chromosomes at meta phase differ in mitotic division and the first division?
In mitotic division, chromosomes are arranged individually in the middle of the cell at metaphase, whereas in the first division of meiosis, homologous chromosomes are paired together in the middle. This pairing of homologous chromosomes is known as synapsis and is unique to meiosis.
Why are germ cells diploid prior to their first meiotic division?
Germ cells go through DNA replication during interphase before their first meiotic division. This results in them being diploid, with two sets of chromosomes, in order to ensure genetic diversity in the resulting haploid daughter cells produced after meiosis.
What is the process whereby genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes during synopsis of the first meiotic division?
The process is called genetic recombination or crossing over. It involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, resulting in the formation of new combinations of alleles. This increases genetic diversity among the offspring.
Why meiotic division is called reduction division?
Meiotic division is called reduction division because the daughter cells (called 'gametes') are haploid, that is, carry half the number of chromosomes of the parent cells. Gametes carry one chromosome of each homologous pair, whereas the diploid parent cells carry both.
Could crossing over occur during second meiotic division?
No, crossing over occurs during the first meiotic division when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. In the second meiotic division, the chromatids of each chromosome separate, resulting in the formation of haploid daughter cells.
When does separation of homologous occur?
This is a term that means "the same as". If a certain substance is termed homologous then it means made up of the same material. Therefore, it won't be able to separate because it is only made from the one thing (one atom, one molecule etc.) Heterogenious is when something is made of more than a single type of thing.
How does the arrangement in chromosomes at meta phase differ in mitotic division and the first division?
In mitotic division, chromosomes are arranged individually in the middle of the cell at metaphase, whereas in the first division of meiosis, homologous chromosomes are paired together in the middle. This pairing of homologous chromosomes is known as synapsis and is unique to meiosis.
What is the process whereby genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes during synapsis of the first meiotic division?
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Random separation of chromosomes during anaphase?
During anaphase, chromosomes are randomly separated due to the attachment of spindle fibers to the centromeres of each chromosome. The pulling force exerted by the spindle fibers on the centromeres causes the chromosomes to move towards opposite poles of the cell. This random separation ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete and unique set of chromosomes.
Why are germ cells diploid prior to their first meiotic division?
Germ cells go through DNA replication during interphase before their first meiotic division. This results in them being diploid, with two sets of chromosomes, in order to ensure genetic diversity in the resulting haploid daughter cells produced after meiosis.
What HAPPEN during the first meiOtic division?
During the first meiotic division, also known as meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair up and undergo genetic recombination through crossing over, where segments of DNA are exchanged between non-sister chromatids. This process results in increased genetic diversity. The homologous pairs are then separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell during anaphase I, leading to the formation of two haploid cells, each containing one set of chromosomes. This division reduces the chromosome number by half, setting the stage for the second meiotic division.
Could crossing over occur during the second meiotic division?
No, crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. The second meiotic division involves separating sister chromatids, so crossing over does not occur.
Which of the two meiotic divisions is similar to the first mitotic division?
Yes, in that the sister chromatids of the homologous chromosomes separate into four new daughter cells. However, the result is four genetically non-identical daughter cells with only one set of 23 chromosomes.
What is the process whereby genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes during synopsis of the first meiotic division?
The process is called genetic recombination or crossing over. It involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, resulting in the formation of new combinations of alleles. This increases genetic diversity among the offspring.
Why the formation of chasmata is an important feature of meiotic division?
The formation of chiasmata during meiotic division plays a crucial role in genetic recombination. Chiasmata physically link the paired homologous chromosomes, allowing for the exchange of genetic material through crossing over. This process increases genetic diversity and contributes to the variation seen in offspring.
What is the process for making sex cells with half the number of chromosomes?
meiotic cell division
