Heavy Fuel Oil is what if refereed to as the heavies, is the long chain hydrocarbons in crude that can not be distilled at 350 F.
The products includes greases, waxes, plastics, asphalts, tar etc. The HFO can be further process to separate the different products or can be cracked, a process that breaks the long chain hydrocarbons in to shorter chain hydrocarbons and distilled into LNG, gasoline, diesel, kerosene etc.
MDO and HFO prices for ships
In addition to finding the "sweet spot" as the other poster indicated which is the RPM and load that the engine uses the least amount of fuel per KWm HFO reduction can also been realized by using new technology, E-Fuel. E-Fuel, reduces emissions as traditional emulsions but in the case of HFO can increase the fuel efficiency using HFO up to 38% in a rotating engines. There are two reasons that the 38% effective can be reached, the heavies don't have to be removed from HFO to prevent damage to the engine and the fuel is 43% more efferent in converting the HFO into mechanical energy.
Hypofluorous acid
HFO = Heavy Fuel Oil 380 CST = the grade of fuel oil representing viscosity, quality, etc.
66 degree Centigrade
In the new HFO he does.
The viscosity of HFO (heavy fuel oil) varies depending on its grade and temperature. Generally, HFO has higher viscosity than other fuels, such as diesel or gasoline. It has a thick, sticky consistency that makes it more challenging to flow and pump through pipelines and engines, especially at lower temperatures.
To recover and recharge refrigerant from an HFO-1234yf system, a shop will need a dedicated refrigerant recovery machine specifically designed for HFO-1234yf, as well as appropriate recovery cylinders that are compatible with this refrigerant. Additionally, technicians should use hoses and fittings rated for HFO-1234yf to ensure safety and prevent contamination. Personal protective equipment (PPE) is also recommended to protect against potential exposure during the recovery process.
It is in use now in both Europe and America.
Most systems using R-134a as a refrigerant.
In HFO-1234yf-based air conditioning systems, key components that must be approved or certified include the compressor, evaporator, condenser, and expansion device. These components must be compatible with the chemical properties of HFO-1234yf, particularly its low flammability and pressure characteristics. Additionally, refrigerant hoses and seals must also be specifically rated for use with HFO-1234yf to ensure safe and efficient operation. Compliance with relevant safety and environmental standards is crucial for all components.
all of the answers are true