Define valence electron

Answer 1

A valence electron is an electron in the outer shell (or cloud or orbital as it is sometimes referred) farthest away from the nucleus. These are the electrons that are transferred or shared in chemical bonding. (A "full" outer shell refers to atoms with (usually) 8 electrons in its outer shell.)

Answer 2

To make it short, a valence electron is an electron in the outer shell of an atom. How many valence electrons an atom has tells you how the atom will react and with which elements. You can (usually) check how many valence electrons an atom has by checking which group (vertical line) it is located under in the periodic table.

Answer 3

It is the number of electrons present in the outer shell of an element

For example: oxygen has an atomic number of 8; the first shell holds 2 electrons therefore leaving 6 electrons for the second shell so 6 is the valency electrons of oxygen

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Answer 4

In chemistry, valence electrons are the electrons of an atom that can participate in the formation of chemical bonds with other atoms. Valence electrons are their "own" electrons, present in the free neutral atom, that combine with valence electrons of other atoms to form chemical bonds. In a single covalent bond both atoms contribute one valence electron to form a shared pair. For main group elements, only the outermost electrons are valence electrons. In transition metals, some inner-shell electrons are also valence electrons. Valence electrons can determine the element's chemical properties and if it will bond with others or not.

Valence electrons are important in determining how the atom reacts chemically with other atoms. Atoms with a complete (closed) shell of valence electrons (corresponding to an electron configuration s2p6) tend to be chemically inert. Atoms with one or two valence electrons more than a closed shell are highly reactive because the extra electrons are easily removed to form positive ions. Atoms with one or two valence electrons fewer than a closed shell are also highly reactive because of a tendency either to gain the missing electrons and form negative ions, or to share electrons and form covalent bonds.

Valence electrons have the ability, like electrons in inner shells, to absorb or release energy in the form of photons. This gain or loss of energy can trigger an electron to move (jump) to another shell or even break free from the atom and its valence shell. When an electron absorbs energy in the form of one or more photons, then it moves to a more outer shell depending on the amount of energy gained. (See also : electrons in an excited state). When an electron loses energy (photons), then it moves to a more inner shell.

Answer 5

The it the electrons in the outermost orbital, usually in the s-p subshells. These electrons participate in bonding, are the ones that affect the properties of a element.

Answer 6

electrons on the outer-most orbital shell of an atom that can participate in chemical reactions.

Answer 7

A valence electron is an electron that is found on a valence shell on an atom. It is used to participate in bonding with other atoms.

Answer 8

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