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Assuming that you mean the chemical properties, the electrons are what define each element. If you meant subatomic particles, then it doesn't matter; each subatomic particle has unique characteristics.
Both one proton and one neutron each has a relative mass of 1 a.m.u.
The number of protons, which is the atomic number of an element, determines the identity of an element.
The only matter in a stable element is at least one of each of the two stable electrically charged subatomic particles, protons and electrons, and except for an atom of the isotope hydrogen-1, at least one neutron, the uncharged stable subatomic particle. The numbers of protons and electrons must be the same. Artificial elements may contain other subatomic particles such as positrons. (The subatomic particles themselves are considered to be composed of quarks, which could be called sub-subatomic particles, but quarks are not usually considered to be matter since they can not exist in isolation for more than very small fractions of a second.)
The atomic particles that make up an alpha are two protons and two neutrons. The subatomic particles are contained within the neutrons & protons and there are too many to list here, plus I don't know all of them.
it is located around an atom orbiting it
By looking at the atom.
Assuming that you mean the chemical properties, the electrons are what define each element. If you meant subatomic particles, then it doesn't matter; each subatomic particle has unique characteristics.
Number of protons= Atomic number Number of neutrons= Mass number-Atomic number Number of electrons=Number of protons (If there is no charge on the atom)
The only subatomic particle that has any role in chemistry is the electron.
For the atom: Neutron: Charge: neutral Electron: Charge: negative Proton: Charge: positive
The answer depends on what you mean by a "particle". Everything is made of atoms and each atom is made from a number of different subatomic particles. Therefore, everything is made up different subatomic particles.
The subatomic particles that contribute most almost no weight to an atom are electrons at various energy levels. Isotopes of the same element differ from each other only by the number of neutrons.
2 protons, 2 electrons and 2 neutrons
Xenon 132 has 54 protons and 54 electrons and 78 neutrons.
The number of protons is unique for every element.Varying the number of neutrons will give you an isotope of the same element.Varying the number of electrons will give you an ion of the same element.
A proton is a positively charged particle in the center of an atom. A neutron is another particle in the center of an atom that has no charge, but still has mass. Each particle, sometimes called a subatomic particle, has a mass of one AMU. The sum of these is the mass of one atom of an element. Electrons, the particles orbiting the nucleus, where protons and neutrons reside, are not taken into account in massing because they are so small.