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How do pH temperature and substrate availability affect the rate of action of enzymes?
All enzymes have optimal conditons, when it will work at its best. For example, if the temprature is too high the protein can become denatured. This is alos the case with Ph. Substrate level also affects enzyma activity because the more substartes there are, the more enxymes can bind to them.
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The graph below shows how two different enzymes react with a substrate as the temperature increases. Based on the results what conclusion can be drawn about the action of the enzymes as?
Based on the graph, it can be concluded that one enzyme is more temperature-sensitive than the other. This is evident by the steeper slope of one enzyme's curve, indicating a faster increase in activity with temperature. Additionally, both enzymes exhibit an optimum temperature where their activity is highest before declining due to denaturation.
Is a substrate an enzyme?
No, a substrate is the molecule that the enzyme acts upon to catalyze a reaction. Enzymes are proteins that function as biological catalysts, helping to speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
How does the lock and key model of enzymes action explain the highly specific way some enzymes select a substrate?
This refers to the hypothesis proposed by Emil Fischer in 1894 but confirmed until the 20th century. Fischer proposed that the specificity of an enzyme (the lock) for its substrate (the key) arises from their geometrically complementary shapes. More specifically, the noncovalent forces through which substrates and other molecules bind to the enzyme are identical in character to the forces that dictate the conformations of the proteins themselves. Both involve van der Waals, electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions.A substrate-binding site consists of an interaction or cleft on the surface of an enzyme molecule that is complementary in shape to the surface (geometrical complementarity). Molecules that differ in shape of functional group distribution from the substrate cannot productively bind to the enzyme; that is, they cannot form enzyme-substrate complexes that lead to the formation of products.
What is the temperature that promotes enzymatic action?
Different enzymes are most efficient at different temperatures, these are called 'the optimum temperature'. A temperature far lower than this will cause the rate of reaction to slow until barely noticable. A temperatuere far higher than this will cause the shape of the enzyme to change and the enzyme will become denatured.
How do chemical reactions occur at the relatively low temperature found within Cells?
Chemical reactions in cells are facilitated by enzymes, which are biological catalysts that lower the activation energy needed for reactions to occur. Enzymes provide an environment that promotes chemical reactions at lower temperatures, known as physiological conditions. This allows cells to efficiently carry out metabolic processes despite the low temperatures inside the cell.
A change in the rate of enzyme action in aquatic invertebrates would most directly result from a change in what?
A change in the rate of enzyme action in aquatic invertebrates would most directly result from a change in temperature, pH, or substrate availability in their environment. These factors can influence the activity and efficiency of enzymes in these organisms.
What are 3 characteristics of enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. Enzymes are specific in their action, meaning they catalyze specific reactions and substrates. Enzymes can be regulated by factors such as temperature, pH, and inhibitors.
The graph below shows how two different enzymes react with a substrate as the temperature increases. Based on the results what conclusion can be drawn about the action of the enzymes as the temperatur?
enzyme B stays effective at higher temperatures than enzymes A
What can affect the speed of the enzyme action?
Factors that can affect the speed of enzyme action include temperature, pH, substrate concentration, and presence of inhibitors or activators. Enzymes work optimally within a specific temperature and pH range, and their reaction rate can increase with increasing substrate concentration. Inhibitors can slow down enzyme activity, while activators can enhance it.
What are the 3 factors that can change the rate of enzyme reaction?
The first factor is Enzyme concentration or subtrate concentration.The rate of enzyme action is directly proportional to to the availability of enzyme provided the substrate concentration unlimited.Or the rate is directly proportional to the substrate concentration if enzymes are limited but if enzyme concentration is kept constant then upto the certain level the increase in substrate amount will no longer increase the rate of enzyme action. Second factor is temperature.The rate if an enzyme action is always directly proportional to the increase in temperature but upto the specific limit called as optimum temperature. Third factor is the pH value.Enzymes can work efficiently over a narrow range of pH called as Optimum pH.A minor change in pH value can denature the enzyme.
What are three factors that affect the action of an enzyme?
pH . Temperature . Substrate's Concentration
What is the Mode of action of enzymes in terms of substrate complex?
These are the modes: 1. Lock and Key hypothesis 2. Induced Fit Hypothesis
The graph below shows how two different enzymes react with a substrate as the temperature increases. Based on the results what conclusion can be drawn about the action of the enzymes as?
Based on the graph, it can be concluded that one enzyme is more temperature-sensitive than the other. This is evident by the steeper slope of one enzyme's curve, indicating a faster increase in activity with temperature. Additionally, both enzymes exhibit an optimum temperature where their activity is highest before declining due to denaturation.
What characteristics of enzymes make them proteins and how do they work?
Enzymes are simply proteins that make reactions faster or simply facilitate them. They are composed of ssingle or multiple poly-peptide molecules that has an active site. The active site is where the main enzymatic action happens. A substrate enters and is either modified by the enzyme or it modifies the enzyme, enabling it to perform other functions. Although it is a protein, it cannot be classified as structural protein.
Do Temperature of the cytoplasm influence the action of enzymes?
Yes, enzymes have optimal working temperatures that differ from enzyme to enzyme
Is a substrate an enzyme?
No, a substrate is the molecule that the enzyme acts upon to catalyze a reaction. Enzymes are proteins that function as biological catalysts, helping to speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
What happens to enzymes at -0 degrees?
At 0°C enzyme action is low because the movement of molecules is low. This causes the collision frequency between enzyme and substrate to be low. Increasing the temperature speed up the movement of molecules and thus the collision frequency increases therefore enzyme action increases. Human bio enzymes work best at 37 degrees Celsius. As the temperature raises the shape of the enzyme changes and the enzyme becomes denatured. Temperature above 50 degrees Celsius will denature most human enzymes.
