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If Nitrobenzene has a larger dipole moment then aniline and phenol but is much less soluble in water?
aniline and phenol can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules through their -NH2 and -OH groups, while nitrobenzene has no available hydrogens, but in principle can form hydrogen bonds with its oxygens with water hydrogen.
As a matter of fact, the first option is more favorable than the second (e.g. butanol CH3CH2CH2CH2-OH is slightly more soluble than butanal CH3CH3CH2HC=0 in water, and the difference in solubility increases at increasing alkyl chain length).
On a qualitative basis, one can think that aniline and phenol are more similar to water than nitrobenzene, hence they are more miscible.
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Why phosgene has a smaller dipole moment than formaldehyde?
Phosgene has a smaller dipole moment than formaldehyde because its dipole moments cancel each other out due to the symmetry of the molecule. In phosgene, the dipole moments of the C=O bonds are in opposite directions, resulting in a net dipole moment close to zero. In contrast, formaldehyde has a larger dipole moment because the oxygen atom exerts a greater pull on the electrons in the C=O bond, creating a larger net dipole moment.
Why resultant dipole moment of nitrosyl fluoride is large than nitryl fluoride?
The resultant dipole moment of nitrosyl fluoride (NOF) is larger than nitryl fluoride (NO2F) because in NOF, the N-O bond is polarized due to the higher electronegativity of nitrogen compared to oxygen. This causes a larger separation of charges and a larger dipole moment. In contrast, in NO2F, the dipole moments of the N-O and O-F bonds partially cancel each other out, resulting in a smaller overall dipole moment.
Why o-chlorophenol has less dipole moment than o-fluorophenol?
The dipole moment of a molecule is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the atoms in the molecule. Fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine. Thus, o-fluorophenol, with a highly electronegative fluorine atom, will have a larger dipole moment compared to o-chlorophenol, which has a less electronegative chlorine atom.
Which is more soluble in water CH3NH2 or H2S?
NH3(g), also known as ammonia gas, is highly soluble in water, to the tune of 89.9g/L at 0 degrees celsius. This high solubility is due to the electronegativity of the nitrogen. Being a gas, the solubility improves as the temperature drops.
Why water has more dipole moment than ammonia?
Water has a greater dipole moment than ammonia because water's bent molecular geometry results in stronger overall dipole-dipole interactions due to the greater electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen. This leads to a larger separation of positive and negative charges in water compared to ammonia, which has a trigonal pyramid structure.
Why phosgene has a smaller dipole moment than formaldehyde?
Phosgene has a smaller dipole moment than formaldehyde because its dipole moments cancel each other out due to the symmetry of the molecule. In phosgene, the dipole moments of the C=O bonds are in opposite directions, resulting in a net dipole moment close to zero. In contrast, formaldehyde has a larger dipole moment because the oxygen atom exerts a greater pull on the electrons in the C=O bond, creating a larger net dipole moment.
Why resultant dipole moment of nitrosyl fluoride is large than nitryl fluoride?
The resultant dipole moment of nitrosyl fluoride (NOF) is larger than nitryl fluoride (NO2F) because in NOF, the N-O bond is polarized due to the higher electronegativity of nitrogen compared to oxygen. This causes a larger separation of charges and a larger dipole moment. In contrast, in NO2F, the dipole moments of the N-O and O-F bonds partially cancel each other out, resulting in a smaller overall dipole moment.
Who has the stronger dipole-dipole hydrogen chloride or hydrogen flouride?
Hydrogen fluoride has a stronger dipole-dipole interaction than hydrogen chloride. This is because fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine, leading to a larger difference in charge distribution and a stronger dipole moment in hydrogen fluoride.
Why o-chlorophenol has less dipole moment than o-fluorophenol?
The dipole moment of a molecule is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the atoms in the molecule. Fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine. Thus, o-fluorophenol, with a highly electronegative fluorine atom, will have a larger dipole moment compared to o-chlorophenol, which has a less electronegative chlorine atom.
Why alkyne has larger dipole moment than alkene?
Because in Alkyne,each C atom is sp hybridised(50% s character) and so has more electronegativity and hence more dipole moment.But in alkene, each atom is sp2 hybridised(33% s character) and hence lesser electronegativity
Which is more soluble in water CH3NH2 or H2S?
NH3(g), also known as ammonia gas, is highly soluble in water, to the tune of 89.9g/L at 0 degrees celsius. This high solubility is due to the electronegativity of the nitrogen. Being a gas, the solubility improves as the temperature drops.
Why water has more dipole moment than ammonia?
Water has a greater dipole moment than ammonia because water's bent molecular geometry results in stronger overall dipole-dipole interactions due to the greater electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen. This leads to a larger separation of positive and negative charges in water compared to ammonia, which has a trigonal pyramid structure.
Which of these molecules has an overall dipole mome?
An overall dipole moment is H2S.
Which pair of bonded atoms has the largest dipole moment?
The pair of bonded atoms with the largest dipole moment is the one with the largest difference in electronegativity. This means that atoms with very different electronegativities, such as a bond between hydrogen and fluorine, will have a larger dipole moment compared to bonds with smaller electronegativity differences.
Explain why lithium iodide is far less soluble in water than all of the other group 1 halides?
Lithium iodide is less soluble in water compared to other group 1 halides due to the larger size of the iodide ion. The larger size of the iodide ion results in weaker ion-dipole interactions with water molecules, leading to lower solubility. Additionally, the lithium ion is highly polarizing due to its small size, which can cause the iodide ion to form insoluble complexes with water molecules, further decreasing its solubility in water.
Why is dipole moment of water greater than that of ammonia?
oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen so we would expect a greater bond dipole for O-H as compared to N-H. Also water has two lone pairs whereas ammonia has only one. and these contribute to the net dipole moment.
What does a dipole moment of 0.1 mean?
A dipole moment of 0.1 means the molecule has a weak net dipole, indicating there is an unequal distribution of electron density between the atoms. This value suggests the molecule is polar, but the polarity is relatively low compared to molecules with larger dipole moments.
