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Water has a greater dipole moment than ammonia because water's bent molecular geometry results in stronger overall dipole-dipole interactions due to the greater electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen. This leads to a larger separation of positive and negative charges in water compared to ammonia, which has a trigonal pyramid structure.
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Why is dipole moment of water greater than that of ammonia?
oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen so we would expect a greater bond dipole for O-H as compared to N-H. Also water has two lone pairs whereas ammonia has only one. and these contribute to the net dipole moment.
Why the dipole moment of liquid water is greater than the gas phase?
The dipole moment of liquid water is greater than in the gas phase because in the liquid state, water molecules are closer together and can align their dipoles more effectively. In the gas phase, water molecules are more spread out and have greater freedom of movement, resulting in a lower overall dipole moment.
Why water has more boiling point than ammonia and hydroflouric?
Water has a higher boiling point than ammonia and hydrofluoric acid because hydrogen bonding in water molecules is stronger than the dipole-dipole interactions present in ammonia and hydrofluoric acid. The presence of hydrogen bonding allows water molecules to come closer together, requiring more energy to separate them, hence a higher boiling point.
Dipole moment of dichloromethane is high or trichloromethane?
Trichloromethane (chloroform) has a higher dipole moment compared to dichloromethane. This is because trichloromethane has more chloro groups, resulting in a more polar molecule with a stronger dipole moment.
Does CH3NH2 have a dipole moment?
Yes, CH3NH2 (methylamine) has a dipole moment because the molecule is polar. The nitrogen atom is more electronegative than the carbon and hydrogen atoms, leading to an unequal sharing of electrons and the presence of a net dipole moment in the molecule.
Why is dipole moment of water greater than that of ammonia?
oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen so we would expect a greater bond dipole for O-H as compared to N-H. Also water has two lone pairs whereas ammonia has only one. and these contribute to the net dipole moment.
Why the dipole moment of liquid water is greater than the gas phase?
The dipole moment of liquid water is greater than in the gas phase because in the liquid state, water molecules are closer together and can align their dipoles more effectively. In the gas phase, water molecules are more spread out and have greater freedom of movement, resulting in a lower overall dipole moment.
Which is more polar NH3 or H2O?
Ammonia (NH3) is more polar than water (H2O) due to the electronegativity difference between nitrogen and hydrogen atoms, which leads to a stronger dipole moment in NH3.
Why water has more boiling point than ammonia and hydroflouric?
Water has a higher boiling point than ammonia and hydrofluoric acid because hydrogen bonding in water molecules is stronger than the dipole-dipole interactions present in ammonia and hydrofluoric acid. The presence of hydrogen bonding allows water molecules to come closer together, requiring more energy to separate them, hence a higher boiling point.
Dipole moment of dichloromethane is high or trichloromethane?
Trichloromethane (chloroform) has a higher dipole moment compared to dichloromethane. This is because trichloromethane has more chloro groups, resulting in a more polar molecule with a stronger dipole moment.
Does CH3NH2 have a dipole moment?
Yes, CH3NH2 (methylamine) has a dipole moment because the molecule is polar. The nitrogen atom is more electronegative than the carbon and hydrogen atoms, leading to an unequal sharing of electrons and the presence of a net dipole moment in the molecule.
Using intermolecular forces explain why water is a liquid at room temperature but ammonia is a gas.?
The simplest answer is polarity. As I'm sure you know, both water and ammonia form hydrogen bonds with like molecules. But the critical difference is that water is a polar molecule and has a dipole moment, whereas ammonia is non-polar and does not have a dipole moment. A dipole moment is the result of polar bonds. It is important to note that having polar bonds DOES NOT necessarily make a molecule polar. Imagine that the bonds on a molecule pushes the nucleus in the direction of the bond. In a molecule with all of its bonds evenly spaced and of the same type (Hydrogen to Nitrogen, for example), such as in NH3, all of the bonds cancel each other out. But in a molecule with its bonds unevenly spaced, such as in H2O, the bonds do not cancel each other out, resulting in a dipole moment.
Which is more polar 2-propanol or water?
Water is more polar than 2-propanol because it has a greater difference in electronegativity between oxygen and hydrogen atoms, leading to a larger dipole moment. 2-propanol also has a dipole moment due to the hydroxyl group, but it is less polar than water.
Why Nh3 and Nf3 has high dipole moment?
This is because in ammonia the direction of resultant dipole is towards lone pair and hence it has high dipole moment but in case of NF3 the direction of resultant dipole moment is opposite to the lone pair and hence the dipole moment gets less.
Does NI3 have a dipole moment?
Yes, NI3 has a dipole moment because it is a polar molecule. The nitrogen atom is more electronegative than the iodine atoms, resulting in an uneven distribution of charge and creating a dipole moment.
Why phenol has lesser dipole moment than alcohol?
As we know that dipole moment of polar molecules is greater than non-polar. In other words, in molecules where charge separation is more, it is more polar and hence having more dipole moment. In phenol, due to resonance, there is positive charge on oxygen. So there is no more charge difference between carbon of ring and oxygen of OH group. This is the reason, it has less dipole moment.
Is there a dipole moment in IF5?
Yes, IF5 has a dipole moment because fluorine is more electronegative than iodine, causing an uneven distribution of electron density in the molecule. This creates a separation of charge, resulting in a net dipole moment.
