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Cyclic AMP and calcium may be second messengers

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Q: Intracellular chemical signals known as second messengers?
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Which substance is called the second chemical messenger?

Second messengers activate other intracellular chemicals to produce the target cell response. Their are five types discovered, one of them is CAMP (cyclic adenosine mono-phosphate)


Virtually all of the protein or amino acid-based hormones exert their effects through intracellular?

second messengers


Which class of molecules functions are chemical signals?

peptides(poly),gases,neurotransmitters,neuropeptides,steroid hormones ...etc.


Which type of hormone requires a second messenger?

Virtually all of the protein or amino acid-based hormones exert their effects through intracellular second messengers KT


What is a biological messenger?

Biological messengers are molecules thatÊtransmit information about cells to the receptor. They are also called neurotransmitters, first messengers, or second messengers.


What does an axon release when an impulse reaches the end of it?

Neurotransmitters to the synapse and the neurotransmitters bind with the receptors releasing the second messengers.


What does calcium ions that act as a second messengers stored in?

endoplasmic reticulum


How are relay proteins activated?

They can be activated by signaling molecules such as second messengers.


What do you call the messengers in the endocrine system?

The second most important is cAMP


Calcium ions that act as second messengers are stored in?

Endoplasmic Reticula


Why do protein hormones need second messenger to activate target cell?

Protein hormones that need second messenger to activate a target cell are hydrophobic. They therefore need these second messengers in order to penetrate into the cell membrane. steroid hormones are hydrophilic so they do not need second messengers.


Is Chlamydia trachomatis considered an intracellular parasite?

They're not mutually contradictory. (The second is just environmental limitations.)