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Is the position and velocity of an electron in an atom be determined with great certainty?
Not exactly. Electrons orbit the nucleus in an atom.
An atom is a fundamental piece of matter. (Matter is anything that can be touched physically.) Everything in the universe (except energy) is made of matter, and, so, everything in the universe is made of atoms.
An atom itself is made up of three tiny kinds of particles called subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons and the neutrons make up the center of the atom called the nucleus and the electrons fly around above the nucleus in a small cloud. The electrons carry a negative charge and the protons carry a positive charge. In a normal (neutral) atom the number of protons and the number of electrons are equal. Often, but not always, the number of neutrons is the same, too.
What else can I help you with?
What is the velocity of an electron with a mass of 9.11 x 10-31 kg at a position with an uncertainty of 5x10-10 m?
The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle states that the product of the uncertainty in position and momentum is at least equal to h/4*pi. The momentum of the electron is equal to its mass multiplied by its velocity. Using the uncertainty principle, you can calculate an approximate lower limit for the velocity.
Who said that the location and velocity of an electron couldn't be known?
Werner Heisenberg proposed the uncertainty principle, which states that it is impossible to simultaneously know both the exact position and exact velocity of a particle, such as an electron. This principle is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics.
Why cant you determine the exact location of an electron in an atom?
Because the electrons are in constant motion(momentum), so to find their exact location one must find this location plus momentum at the same time. It is thought to be impossible to find the exact location and momentum simultaniously, because, to find location you must stop the particle, and to find momentum the particle must be moving.
Why does the uncertainty principle make it impossible to predict a trajectory for the electron?
A wave does not have a discrete position, it has an area, a line defining its location maybe, but never a point. You can say that a wave has a focus point (a circular wave has a center) but such a point is not where any part of the wave is - where it was maybe - but not where it now is.The fact that an electron is a wave (we may think of it as one in certain circumstances) ensures that it does not have a definite position.
Why effective mass of electron is negative at the top of valence band?
The effective mass of an electron in a solid is determined by its curvature of the energy band. At the top of the valence band, where the curvature is negative, the effective mass of the electron is also negative, reflecting the opposite relationship between the momentum and velocity of the electron in this region. This negative effective mass indicates that the electron behaves as if it has a negative charge moving in the opposite direction.
How measuring the position of an electron changes its velocity?
Measuring the position of an electron disrupts its wave function, causing it to collapse to a specific position. This uncertainty in position leads to an uncertainty in velocity, as defined by Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. Therefore, measuring the position of an electron changes its velocity due to the inherent uncertainty in quantum systems.
What affects velocity of electron in the photoelectric effect?
The velocity of an electron in the photoelectric effect is primarily determined by the energy of the incident photon. If the photon energy is greater than the work function of the material, the electron can be ejected with higher velocity. Additionally, factors like the electric field in the material can influence the electron's velocity.
Why can we not accurately predict where in the electron cloud electrons can be found?
One cannot accurately predict where in the electron cloud an electron can be found because of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. This states that the position and the velocity of an object cannot both be measured exactly, at the same time, and since we can determine the velocity of the electron, knowing the location with certainty is not possible. The main reason behind this is that as soon as you "look" at the electron, using whatever method available, you will by the very nature of looking at it, alter its position.
Under what circumstance can you know the velocity of an electron with great accuracy?
Only when the position is zero.
The rate of change in an objects position?
The rate of change in an object's position is its velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity that specifies both the object's speed and its direction of motion. It is determined by calculating the change in position over a specific time interval.
Why is it impossible to know precisely the velocity and position of an electron at the same time.?
This is because of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. It is a part of quantum mechanics. It has to do with an electron having properties of both a particle and and wave. If you only imagine an electron to be a particle, this can be somewhat explained by the process of measuring the position or velocity of the electron. If the data is measured with light, then when a photon hits the electron, it changes the electrons speed and position. We may be able to find one, but in the process, the other will be changed.
How do you find velocity in physics?
Velocity in physics is determined by dividing the change in position by the change in time. The formula for velocity is velocity = (final position - initial position) / time. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.
Why is it possible to know precisely the velocity and position of an electron at the same time?
It is not possible to know both the precise velocity and position of an electron simultaneously due to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. This principle states that the more precisely one property (like position) is known, the less precisely the other property (like velocity) can be known. Therefore, the uncertainty in one measurement leads to uncertainty in the other.
What information can be learned from a position-time graph and from a speed-time graph?
A position time graph can show you velocity. As time changes, so does position, and the velocity of the object can be determined. For a speed time graph, you can derive acceleration. As time changes, so does velocity, and the acceleration of the object can be determined.If you are plotting velocity (speed) versus time, the slope is the acceleration.
What is velocity determined by?
I believe Velocity is determined by speed and time.
What is Momentum is NOT dependent on?
Momentum is NOT dependent on an object's position or location in space. It is solely determined by the object's mass and velocity.
What information do you need to calculate velocity?
To calculate velocity, you need the displacement of an object (the change in position) and the time it took to make that displacement. Velocity is determined by dividing the displacement by the time taken to achieve that displacement.
