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Probably the one with the largest surface area. But let's look a bit further, since that's probably not the answer that was being sought. And we'll consider the molecules that actually make up the surface, and are not jut hanging around on it like bread crumbs on a cutting board. If the surface area of a sample is fixed (the same for all the materials investigated), then what we need to do is look at the molecule as a unit, and also the molecular arrangement of the material. If we want the "most" molecules per unit area, we need a very small molecule so that we can get a lot of them in a given area. We also need a "molecular arrangement" that allows for the "closest packing" of the little guys. The smallest molecule, size wise, is the diatomic molecule of hydrogen (H2), so let's look at that - right after this. Hydrogen's common mechanical properties in solid molecular form probably lie outside out ability to calculate them. It just isn't an "ideal" atom or molecule in quantities like we're assembling. Remember that hydrogen, when it's a gas here on earth, travels around with a buddy (H2). This is true of elemental gases at room temperature, with the exception of the inert gases. If we apply some cryogenic cooling to hydrogen and freeze it solid to, say, under 20 Ko or so, it will form a solid with these little guys all squashed together. The molecules are only about one and a half angstroms in size. That's about one and a half picometers, or about 1.5 x 10-12 metres. A "simplified" answer would give us about 4.4 x 1017 molecules per square millimeter. One last thing. Solid hydrogen forms hexagonal crystals (apply no pressure, please), so the "answer" we got above is off a bit. (Maybe more than a bit.) The atoms won't pack and end up looking like a flat of eggs. But we're on the right track. There is a lot of "technical nonsense" like the concentrations of spin states (which are temperature dependent) which will aid or detract from our efforts to keep things tightly packed in the solid. Hope you can run with that.

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Q: On which surface are there the most molecules?
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