unsaturated lets go raiders
Alcohol (or ethanol) has a hydroxyl (OH) group on the end of its carbon chain, and contains no double bonds. Alkanes are likewise a single chain of carbon atoms joined by single bonds, but have no -OH group attached to them.
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Sodium Sulphate
The missing words in that sentence are "left" and "hydrogen".
Hydrogenation. Such as is the case when adding hydrogen atoms to carbon chains in petrochemicals and fats like vegetable oil (so that margarine doesn't melt at room temperature).
Alcohol (or ethanol) has a hydroxyl (OH) group on the end of its carbon chain, and contains no double bonds. Alkanes are likewise a single chain of carbon atoms joined by single bonds, but have no -OH group attached to them.
All fats contain chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms. In a saturated fat the carbon atoms in the chains are boned to as many hydrogen atoms as possible (that is, 2 each, with the last carbon bonded to 3) and all carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds. In an unsaturated fat some of the carbons are not bonded to the maximum number of hydrogen atoms, and those carbon atoms that are missing hydrogen atoms are double bonded to a neighboring carbon.
The chemical formula is NH31+ so there are 3 hydrogen atoms but one of the hydrogen atoms is missing its electron.
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monounsaturated
Sodium Sulphate
Organic compounds contain both the elements carbon and hydrogen bonded together. An inorganic compound is missing one or the other or does not have direct bonds between them as in carbon acid (H2CO3).
In unsaturated fats, the fatty acid chain is missing some atoms of hydrogen.
Hydrogen selenium Ozone Selenic acid it is not. It is missing an ion. According to a PDF document, it is used in synthetic sodium componds.
Fats are made of polymers that are a attached to a sugar. A polymer is a reapting chain of carbon and hydrogen molecules. If all the molecules have hydrogens, the polymer is a saturated fat. If the chain is missing one hydrogen, it becomes an unsaturated fat. If the chain has mor than one missing hydrogen, it is a polyunsaturated fat.
It's a hydrocarbon--hydro for hydrogen, carbon for...well, carbon. If the molecule contains oxygen too, it's a carbohydrate--carbon with water attached. A single carbohydrate ring--a monosaccharide--always contains atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio--for every one atom of carbon, there are one of oxygen and two of hydrogen. Carbohydrates where there are multiple rings connected have two fewer hydrogen atoms than the 1:2:1 ratio would suggest--sucrose is C12H22O12, not C12H24O12. The two missing hydrogens are gone because there's got to be a bonding site for the second ring, and you get it by losing one hydrogen off each ring.
Hydrogen with its electron missing is a positive ion and like all ions is very chemically active, trying to become uncharged again.