One of the only ways is to make use of nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SN_Ar). Add a nitro group para to the OH, attack the OH carbon with 1 eq. ammonia, work it up with another eq., convert NH2 to a diazonium salt with NaNO2 + HCl @ 0~4 degrees C, then remove it with H3PO2.
In the bromination of phenol, the mechanism involves the substitution of a hydrogen atom on the phenol ring with a bromine atom. This reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a brominating agent, such as bromine or a bromine-containing compound, under acidic conditions. The bromine atom replaces the hydrogen atom on the phenol ring, resulting in the formation of bromophenol.
Aniline has a higher boiling point than phenol because aniline can form strong hydrogen bonds due to the presence of an amino group. Phenol has a higher boiling point than toluene because phenol molecules can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds because of the hydroxyl group. Toluene has a higher boiling point than benzene due to the presence of a bulky methyl group which increases Van der Waals forces between toluene molecules.
Positively charged carbon atom of the aldehyde's carbonyl group attacks p-position of aniline, having a negative charge. Compound 1 forms, with a positive carbon attacking a p-position of another aniline molecule.NH2-C6H5 + RC(O)H -> NH2-C6H4-CHR(OH) (compound 1)NH2-C6H4-CHR(OH) + NH2-C6H5 -> NH2-C6H4-CH(R)-C6H4-NH2 + H2OIn case of formaldehyde, the product is 4,4'-methylenedianiline (MDA).
The formula is for benzyl acetate (as an example).
The reaction of phenol with Br2 proceeds through electrophilic aromatic substitution, where the bromine atom replaces a hydrogen atom on the benzene ring of phenol. This reaction is facilitated by the presence of the hydroxyl group on the phenol molecule, which activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic attack.
React aniline with HCl/NaNO2 (diazotisation) followed by reaction with KOH to give phenol. Nitration of phenol with fuming nitric acid gives picric acid (or trinitrophenol).
This reaction is also called p-Hydroxy methylation of Phenol and phenol is converted into p-hydroxy benzyl alc.
In o-aniline phenol Intramolecular hydrogen bonding occurs which is not possible in meta and is responsible for less solubility
In the Reimer-Tiemann reaction, the electrophile is the carbene (CHCl3) that forms from the reaction of phenol with CCl4 in the presence of a base such as NaOH. This carbene then reacts with phenol to form the trichloromethane derivative. The mechanism involves the generation of the carbene intermediate, which attacks the phenol molecule to form the final product.
In the bromination of phenol, the mechanism involves the substitution of a hydrogen atom on the phenol ring with a bromine atom. This reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a brominating agent, such as bromine or a bromine-containing compound, under acidic conditions. The bromine atom replaces the hydrogen atom on the phenol ring, resulting in the formation of bromophenol.
Aniline has a higher boiling point than phenol because aniline can form strong hydrogen bonds due to the presence of an amino group. Phenol has a higher boiling point than toluene because phenol molecules can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds because of the hydroxyl group. Toluene has a higher boiling point than benzene due to the presence of a bulky methyl group which increases Van der Waals forces between toluene molecules.
The product of a reaction between bromine and aniline in a non-polar solvent is typically the bromination of aniline, where bromine substitutes a hydrogen atom on the benzene ring of aniline to form bromoaniline. This reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.
Positively charged carbon atom of the aldehyde's carbonyl group attacks p-position of aniline, having a negative charge. Compound 1 forms, with a positive carbon attacking a p-position of another aniline molecule.NH2-C6H5 + RC(O)H -> NH2-C6H4-CHR(OH) (compound 1)NH2-C6H4-CHR(OH) + NH2-C6H5 -> NH2-C6H4-CH(R)-C6H4-NH2 + H2OIn case of formaldehyde, the product is 4,4'-methylenedianiline (MDA).
There is no reaction when their molar ratio is around 1...but when phenol is present in excess it gives triphenylphosphate....
The reaction product of bromine and phenol is 2,4,6-tribromophenol. In this reaction, the bromine replaces the hydrogen atoms on the phenol ring to form a tribrominated product.
There is no reaction between phenol and sodium carbonate
Benzoyl chloride reacts with aniline to form N-phenylbenzamide. In the reaction, the chlorine atom of benzoyl chloride is replaced by the amino group of aniline. The reaction is often carried out in the presence of a base to help neutralize the hydrogen chloride byproduct.