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Since water is a much smaller molecule than octane C8H18 one would expect it to flow more quickly However studies show that water is almost four times as viscous as octane How can this be explain?
Octane molecules have almost no interaction with each other but water molecules link up together via a process called hydrogen bonding. This increases the viscosity, boiling and melting points for water.
Is octane miscible in methane?
Octane is immiscible in methane because they have different intermolecular forces and polarities. Octane is a nonpolar molecule, while methane is also nonpolar. They will not mix together to form a homogeneous solution.
How does molecule size affect boiling point?
With a bigger size there are stronger London forces. London forces are also known as Dispersion forces and van der Waal forces. These forces become stronger as the size of the molecule increases. Butane, C4H10, is a gas with a relative size of 58 and a boiling point of ~ -1 ºC. Octane, C8H18, is a liquid with a relative size of 114 and a boiling point of 125 ºC. The two molecules differ in size only but as octane is bigger it has a higher boiling point due to the dispersion forces.
Which has more viscosity methane or octane?
Octane has higher viscosity compared to methane. This is because octane is a larger molecule with more molecular interactions, leading to greater resistance to flow than methane, which is a smaller molecule with weaker intermolecular forces.
What type of inter molecular forces predominates in octane?
London dispersion forces or van der Waals forces predominate in octane. These forces result from temporary shifts in electron density, causing temporary dipoles which attract other molecules.
What type of intermolecular bonding would there be between hexane molecules in liquid hexane and between octane molecules in liquid octane?
Between hexane molecules in liquid hexane and octane molecules in liquid octane, the predominant type of intermolecular bonding is London dispersion forces, which are a type of van der Waals force. These forces arise due to temporary dipoles that occur when electron distributions around the molecules fluctuate. Since both hexane and octane are nonpolar hydrocarbons, they lack stronger intermolecular interactions like hydrogen bonding or dipole-dipole interactions. Consequently, the strength of the dispersion forces increases with the size and molecular weight of the molecules, making octane have slightly stronger dispersion forces than hexane.
What type of intermolecular forces are dominant in octane?
The dominant intermolecular forces in octane are London dispersion forces. These are relatively weak forces that result from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution within atoms and molecules.
Since water is a much smaller molecule than octane C8H18 one would expect it to flow more quickly However studies show that water is almost four times as viscous as octane How can this be explain?
Octane molecules have almost no interaction with each other but water molecules link up together via a process called hydrogen bonding. This increases the viscosity, boiling and melting points for water.
Is octane miscible in methane?
Octane is immiscible in methane because they have different intermolecular forces and polarities. Octane is a nonpolar molecule, while methane is also nonpolar. They will not mix together to form a homogeneous solution.
How does molecule size affect boiling point?
With a bigger size there are stronger London forces. London forces are also known as Dispersion forces and van der Waal forces. These forces become stronger as the size of the molecule increases. Butane, C4H10, is a gas with a relative size of 58 and a boiling point of ~ -1 ºC. Octane, C8H18, is a liquid with a relative size of 114 and a boiling point of 125 ºC. The two molecules differ in size only but as octane is bigger it has a higher boiling point due to the dispersion forces.
Why does octane have a higher boiling point then water?
Octane is a straight chain molecule with a large surface area and stacks easily with other octane molecules. This increases the strength of the London dispersion forces that keep the octane molecules attracted to each other. The London dispersion forces on octane are greater than for smaller straight chain molecules because octane is both heavier and has more electrons that make it more polarizable.
Which has more viscosity methane or octane?
Octane has higher viscosity compared to methane. This is because octane is a larger molecule with more molecular interactions, leading to greater resistance to flow than methane, which is a smaller molecule with weaker intermolecular forces.
What type of inter molecular forces predominates in octane?
London dispersion forces or van der Waals forces predominate in octane. These forces result from temporary shifts in electron density, causing temporary dipoles which attract other molecules.
Why is the dissolution of water in octane prevented?
Water and octane are practically non miscible.
In terms of intermolecular forces why does methanol mix easily with water whilst octane does not?
Methanol can mix easily with water because it can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, due to the presence of -OH groups. Octane, on the other hand, lacks polar functionalities and cannot form hydrogen bonds with water, making it immiscible with water. Octane is nonpolar and only experiences weak dispersion forces with water molecules, leading to poor solubility.
What is octane made of?
Octane is made of 16 Hydrogen Molecules and 8 Carbon Molecules
Are short hydrocarbon molecules volatile?
Yes, short hydrocarbon molecules are typically volatile because they have low molecular weights and weaker intermolecular forces, allowing them to easily evaporate into the air at room temperature. Examples of short hydrocarbon molecules include methane, ethane, and propane.
