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Why don't the hydrocarbon molecules breakdown into hydrogen and carbon atoms when they are heated during fractional distillation?
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
Hydrocarbons do not break down into their elements when fractionally distilled because the minimum energy necessary for separating the hydrocarbons into their elements is not available from the thermal energy needed to perform fractional distillation.
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
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How are hydrocarbon molecules separated?
using fractional distillation. first crude oil is heated up until it turned to gas and the residue (bitumen) goes through the most bottom pipe to be used for tar macing roads. The fractionating column has different fraction that are at different temperatures (gets colder as you go up). And because hydrocarbons got different boiling point (the longer the hydrocarbon, the higher the boiling point), the gas then travels up and as certain hydrocarbons got to the fraction below their boiling point they turn from gas to liquid and go through the pipe to be used.The fractional distillation goes in this order:-(shortest chain/lowest boiling point)LPGPetrolParaffinLight Gas OilDieselLubricating SubstancesBitumen(longest chain/highest boiling point)Hope this help! (if not don't blame me, I'm only 14!)
What physical property of hydrocarbons is used for fractional distillation?
If the hydrocarbons are in the liquid state then their differential boiling points are used in separation - fractional distillation. Some hydrocarbons are also separated by their differential solubility in some organic solvents. =)
What is fractional distillation distillation and cracking?
fractional distillation is used to separate fuels from crude oils they all have different boiling points so they can be separated easily cracking is when longer chains of hydrocarbons after broken down to make shorter ones which burn more easily.
How crude oil is separated into useful fraction?
Crude oil is separated into different substances with similar boiling points. The substances in crude oil can be separated using fractional distillation. The crude oil is evaporated and its vapours are allowed to condense at different temperatures in the fractionating column. Each fraction contains hydrocarbon molecules with a similar number of carbon atoms
What type of reaction is cracking?
Cracking is the name given to breaking up large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller and more useful bits. This is achieved by using high pressures and temperatures without a catalyst, or lower temperatures and pressures in the presence of a catalyst. The source of the large hydrocarbon molecules is often the naphtha fraction or the gas oil fraction from the fractional distillation of crude oil (petroleum). These fractions are obtained from the distillation process as liquids, but are re-vaporised before cracking. There isn't any single unique reaction happening in the cracker. The hydrocarbon molecules are broken up in a fairly random way to produce mixtures of smaller hydrocarbons, some of which have carbon-carbon double bonds. One possible reaction involving the hydrocarbon C15H32 might be:
Procedures that is used to separate different types of molecules in a liquid mixture?
Fractional distillation and chromatography.
How are hydrocarbon molecules separated?
using fractional distillation. first crude oil is heated up until it turned to gas and the residue (bitumen) goes through the most bottom pipe to be used for tar macing roads. The fractionating column has different fraction that are at different temperatures (gets colder as you go up). And because hydrocarbons got different boiling point (the longer the hydrocarbon, the higher the boiling point), the gas then travels up and as certain hydrocarbons got to the fraction below their boiling point they turn from gas to liquid and go through the pipe to be used.The fractional distillation goes in this order:-(shortest chain/lowest boiling point)LPGPetrolParaffinLight Gas OilDieselLubricating SubstancesBitumen(longest chain/highest boiling point)Hope this help! (if not don't blame me, I'm only 14!)
What physical property of hydrocarbons is used for fractional distillation?
If the hydrocarbons are in the liquid state then their differential boiling points are used in separation - fractional distillation. Some hydrocarbons are also separated by their differential solubility in some organic solvents. =)
What is fractional distillation distillation and cracking?
fractional distillation is used to separate fuels from crude oils they all have different boiling points so they can be separated easily cracking is when longer chains of hydrocarbons after broken down to make shorter ones which burn more easily.
How are the hydrocarbons in petrotuem separated into fractions?
Because hydrocarbons are a whole (referring to fractions) and the molecules (represent the fraction) that make up the whole are carbon and hydrogen CH4 this means that the hydrocarbons consist of 1carbon and 4 hydrogen molecules.
Does longer hydrocarbon molecules have higher boiling points than short hydrocarbon molecules?
yes
What small hydrocarbon molecules form polymers?
Monomers are small hydrocarbon molecules that form polymers.
How crude oil is separated into useful fraction?
Crude oil is separated into different substances with similar boiling points. The substances in crude oil can be separated using fractional distillation. The crude oil is evaporated and its vapours are allowed to condense at different temperatures in the fractionating column. Each fraction contains hydrocarbon molecules with a similar number of carbon atoms
Is motor oil compound?
Yes, motor oil is a compound, but actually it is a mixture of a number of compounds. There are a lot of different hydrocarbon molecules that make up motor oil. Some are the "mixed bag" of hydrocarbons that are the out-take from the cracker (the fractional distillation column or tower) during refining, and some others are the ones that are "added into" the mix by the petrochemist who is formulating the motor oil.
What does fractional distillation mean in chemistry?
Fractional distillation is a manufacturing process that separates the different components (i.e. fractions 1/2 in a chemical mixture according to their different boiling points. The liquid is raised to boiling and vapors pass through a tubular column where temperature is gradually lowered along its length. Components (fractions) with a higher boiling point condense on the column and return to the solution. Fractions with a lower boiling point pass through the column and are collected. Gasoline, kerosene and naphtha are fractions separated from crude oil using fractional distillation.Here's more in simple,the basic principle of fractional distillation is of using the different boiling points of elements(parts) in a compound(a mixture). A fractional distillation process is done in a cylinder which has different compartments having different temperature points. When the mixture is kept in the cylinder, the elements which have the same boiling point as in the compartment it is in, it vaporizes and moves out through a pipe. The mixture goes on vaporizing as the temperature increases and at last all the elements are removed in separated drums where they are condensed and brought back to their normal state.Another way of putting it is:Fractional distillation differs from distillation only in that it separates a mixture into a number of different parts, called fractions. A tall column is fitted above the mixture, with several condensers coming off at different heights. The column is hot at the bottom and cool at the top. Substances with high boiling points condense at the bottom and substances with low boiling points condense at the top. Like distillation, fractional distillation works because the different substances in the mixture have different boiling points.The simplest way is:Fractional distillation is a form of distillation which is used when more than two liquids with different boiling points are to be separated.
What type of reaction is cracking?
Cracking is the name given to breaking up large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller and more useful bits. This is achieved by using high pressures and temperatures without a catalyst, or lower temperatures and pressures in the presence of a catalyst. The source of the large hydrocarbon molecules is often the naphtha fraction or the gas oil fraction from the fractional distillation of crude oil (petroleum). These fractions are obtained from the distillation process as liquids, but are re-vaporised before cracking. There isn't any single unique reaction happening in the cracker. The hydrocarbon molecules are broken up in a fairly random way to produce mixtures of smaller hydrocarbons, some of which have carbon-carbon double bonds. One possible reaction involving the hydrocarbon C15H32 might be:
What are two types of detergent molecule?
The most probable type of a molecules in the detergents is the hydrocarbon molecules and the sodium molecules. The sodium molecules binds to water while the hydrocarbon molecule binds to grease.
