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Why is the ionization energy of cheorine is much higher than the ponization energy of sodium?
Chlorine has a higher ionization energy than sodium because chlorine has a smaller atomic size and higher effective nuclear charge, making it more difficult to remove an electron. Sodium, on the other hand, has a larger atomic size and lower effective nuclear charge, making it easier to remove an electron and requiring less energy.
How would you explain the fact that the first ionization enthalpy of sodium is lower than that of magnesium but its second ionization enthalpy is higher than that of magnesium?
Sodium has only one valence electron, and when that is donated to some other atom, the remaining ion has a noble gas configuration that is highly stable. Disrupting that by another ionization requires much energy. Magnesium has two valence electrons; therefore the second is almost as easy to donate as the first. The third ionization enthalpy of magnesium would be very high.
Why does Be have a much larger second ionization energy than the first?
The energy to remove 1 electron is the first ionization energy. To remove a second electron requires more energy. This is because the electron being removed now has to overcome the +1 positive charge introduced after the 1st electron was removed.
What is the general trend of ionization energy as you go across the periodic table?
Across a period, first ionization energy increases. However, when going down a group, first ionization energy generally decreases. As you go down a group, atoms hove more total electrons so they don't really care that much about their outermost ones.
What pH is sodium chloride plus water?
all depends on how much water you put in and how much sodium chloride you used
Why is the ionization energy of cheorine is much higher than the ponization energy of sodium?
Chlorine has a higher ionization energy than sodium because chlorine has a smaller atomic size and higher effective nuclear charge, making it more difficult to remove an electron. Sodium, on the other hand, has a larger atomic size and lower effective nuclear charge, making it easier to remove an electron and requiring less energy.
What is aluminum ionization energy?
Aluminum ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from a neutral aluminum atom to form a positively charged aluminum ion. The first ionization energy of aluminum is relatively low, meaning it does not require as much energy to remove the first electron compared to larger atoms.
How would you explain the fact that the first ionization enthalpy of sodium is lower than that of magnesium but its second ionization enthalpy is higher than that of magnesium?
Sodium has only one valence electron, and when that is donated to some other atom, the remaining ion has a noble gas configuration that is highly stable. Disrupting that by another ionization requires much energy. Magnesium has two valence electrons; therefore the second is almost as easy to donate as the first. The third ionization enthalpy of magnesium would be very high.
Does sodium or chlorine have a higher ionization energy?
The second ionization energy of sodium is so much greater than the first because the first electron is removed from the valence shell, while the second electron is removed from the core orbitals. Additionally, the sodium atom has a positive charge after the first ionization, which thus attracts the remaining electrons more strongly. Both of these factors lead to a much higher second ionization energy compared to the first.
How does the size of an atom relate to its ionization energy?
In general, the larger the atom the lower the first ionization energy at the right hand side of the periodic table. Take Lithium and Francium as examples. With Francium, the outer electron is much further away from the attractive power of the nucleus and is shielded by all the other electrons. The attraction is lower and thus it is easier to remove the electron making the first ionization energy lower. Incidentally, it makes it more reactive.
Why does Be have a much larger second ionization energy than the first?
The energy to remove 1 electron is the first ionization energy. To remove a second electron requires more energy. This is because the electron being removed now has to overcome the +1 positive charge introduced after the 1st electron was removed.
Why is the ionization energy of a sodium atom greater than that of a potassium atom?
Caesium's single outer electron is much further from the nucleus than that of sodium, so caesium loses its valence electron much easily than sodium, therefore caseium is much more reactive than sodium.
What is rubidium ionization energy?
the 1st ionization energy is 403.03 kJ/mol.. since it's oxidation state is +1, you don't normally take away more than one electron so the 2nd and 3rd ionization energies are much larger and don't usually matter
What energy is needed to remove an electron from its outer most shell?
This is called the ionization energy and an is different for each electron in the atom. Electrons in the outer shell (furthest from the nucleus) have the lowest ionization energy, electrons in the innermost shell (closest to the nucleus) have the highest ionization energy.
What is the general trend of ionization energy as you go across the periodic table?
Across a period, first ionization energy increases. However, when going down a group, first ionization energy generally decreases. As you go down a group, atoms hove more total electrons so they don't really care that much about their outermost ones.
What is the differences between first and second ionization energy?
The first ionization energy is the energy that is required in order to remove the first electron from an atom in the GAS phase, the second ionization energy is the energy required to remove the second electron from an atom in the GAS phase. Ionization energy will generally increase for every electron that is removed and increases from left to right in the periodic table and moving up the periods.
What pH is sodium chloride plus water?
all depends on how much water you put in and how much sodium chloride you used
