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Water has a high specific heat due to hydrogen bonding, which increases intermolecular forces between molecules. See the detailed answer below for more information.
We should first start with a definition: The specific heat is the amount of heat (energy) needed to raise a one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius. Essentially this means that if you have 5 grams of A that has a high specific heat, and 5 grams of B with a low specific heat, you're going to have to put moreheat into substance A in order to get the same temperature change as substance B. Put another more general way: it is difficult to change the temperature of substances with a high specific heat because they resist change in temperature.
First we have to take a look at what's going on when a substance increases temperature. Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the molecules, meaning the faster the molecules move, the higher the temperature. The slower the molecules move, the lower the temperature. When you add heat to a substance, it gives the molecules more energy, they will move faster, and the temperature will increase.
So now let's look at water. We already know that water has considerable resistance to change in temperature and therefore a high specific heat. We see this characteristic when the pot of water takes forever to boil and when bodies of water act as a buffer during weather shifts. The reason for water's high specific heat lies with the molecular structure of the H2O molecule.
The two hydrogen atoms share electrons in a covalent bond with the oxygen. But they are shared unevenly--that is, the bond between the hydrogen and oxygen is a polar covalent bond. The oxygen is more electronegative and is more attracted to the electrons. Because electrons are negative, the oxygen atom becomes slightly negative and the hydrogen atoms become slightly positive. This difference in charges and the bent nature of water contribute to its "dipole moment." The slightly negative oxygen of one water molecule is going to be attracted to the slightly positive hydrogen of another molecule. This attraction is called a hydrogen bond. Because of these bonds between water molecules, they "stick" to each other (or have increased intermolecular forces).
Let's put the hydrogen-bonding water molecules and the ideas of temperature together. To get a given sample of water to increase its temperature, you're going to put heat into it. This heat works to move the molecules faster. But there's something holding the water molecules from moving freely -- they are "stuck" together to a certain extent because of their hydrogen bonds. The heat you're putting into the water goes to increasing movement and into the hydrogen bonds. Some of the energy is taken away because the hydrogen bonds first have to be broken.
Although hydrogen bonds don't involve sharing or transferring of electrons and are a lot weaker than covalent bonds, a lot more energy is needed to overcome them. Thus, the hydrogen bonds in water make it difficult for it to change temperature; it has a high specific heat.
What else can I help you with?
Does aluminium have as high a specific heat capacity as iron?
No, aluminum has a lower specific heat capacity than iron. The specific heat capacity of aluminum is about 0.90 J/g°C, while iron has a specific heat capacity of about 0.45 J/g°C.
Would substances with high specific heat capacity also have high temperatures?
Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy or heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one kelvin. So if the specific heat capacity is high then you would require more energy or heat to raise its temperature. The specific heat capacity does not really have anything to do with how much you can increase an objects temperature. IT HAS TO DO WITH THE ENERGY NEEDED TO INCREASE THE TEMPERATURE.
Why is waters specific heat capacity 1.00 cal g C or 4.185 Joules g?
Water has a high specific heat capacity due to hydrogen bonding between its molecules, which allows it to absorb and release heat energy without large changes in temperature. The specific heat capacity of water is 1.00 cal/g°C, or 4.185 J/g°C, meaning it takes 1 calorie of energy to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.
What means that a large amount of energy is required to change the waters temperature?
Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it can absorb or release a lot of heat energy without its temperature changing much. This is why it takes a large amount of energy to raise or lower the temperature of water compared to other substances.
Why do you think water has a specific heat capacity?
Water has a high specific heat capacity because of its strong hydrogen bonding, which allows it to absorb and release heat energy without changing temperature quickly.
Would it be better to have pots and pans made from material with a high specific heat capacity or low specific heat capacity?
Higher Heat
What is specific heat capacity of a High-Temperature Reusable Surface Insulation Tile?
high
Is stone has a high specific heat capacity?
Yes, stones have a high specific heat capacity because they can absorb and store a significant amount of heat energy before their temperature changes significantly. This makes stones useful for applications where heat retention is important, such as in stone ovens or thermal energy storage systems.
Would it be better to have pots and pans made from a material with a high specific heat capacity or low heat capacity explain your answer?
Pots and pans made from a material with a high specific heat capacity would be better. This is because materials with high specific heat capacity can absorb and retain more heat, leading to more even cooking and temperature control during the cooking process.
Does aluminium have as high a specific heat capacity as iron?
No, aluminum has a lower specific heat capacity than iron. The specific heat capacity of aluminum is about 0.90 J/g°C, while iron has a specific heat capacity of about 0.45 J/g°C.
Does a substance that cools down quickly have a high or a low specific heat capacity?
A substance that cools down quickly has a low specific heat capacity. This means that it requires less energy to change its temperature compared to a substance with a high specific heat capacity which cools down more slowly.
What property of water makes it so your high temperature will go down?
Water has a high heat capacity and a high specific heat capacity 4.184 kJ/kg/K
What is high heat capacity?
A substance with a high specific heat capacity is one that needs a lot of heat energy pumped into it in order to raise its temperature. Substances with relatively high specific heat capacities include water, rock, and potatoes.
What does it mean to say that a material has a high or low specific heat capacity?
The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy required to increase the temperature of a said substance 1o K. The capacity is measured in kilojoules divided by kilogram time degrees Kelvin (kJ/Kg k). So, if the specific heat capacity of a substance is high, it requires a very large amount of energy to increase the temperature, and if it has a low specific heat capacity, the required energy will be lower.
Does a substance that cools up quickly have high or low specific heat capacity?
It would have a LOW specific heat capacity because -- the subst heats up quickly which means you would use less heat capacity.
Does sand have a high or low specific heat capacity?
Sand has a relatively low specific heat capacity compared to other substances. This means that it heats up and cools down quickly when exposed to temperature changes.
Would substances with high specific heat capacity also have high temperatures?
Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy or heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one kelvin. So if the specific heat capacity is high then you would require more energy or heat to raise its temperature. The specific heat capacity does not really have anything to do with how much you can increase an objects temperature. IT HAS TO DO WITH THE ENERGY NEEDED TO INCREASE THE TEMPERATURE.
