Elongation is the percentage of the final dimension relative to the initial dimension.
For instance;
A 1m length of metal is put under a load and is stretched to a final length of 1.5m
The elongation of this is 150% because the final length is 150% of the initial length.
TR 43 is the Indian code used for post-tensioning
A simple explanation: PRE tensioned- cables are tensioned, and the concrete is cast around it. The tensioning is done BEFORE casting the concrete (PRE = before). POST tensioned- cables are placed inside of ducts or are greased to prevent bonding to the concrete, the concrete is cast around the cables, and then the cables are tensioned after the concrete has reached a desired strength. The tensioning is done AFTER the concrete is cast (POST = after).
A threshold inspector is a certified building inspector who works for a consulting / engineering firm. If a building exceeds either a height, square footage, or occupancy load, the client usually funding the project is required by law to hire a threshold inspector. In addition to performing structural inspections, a threshold inspector will oversee certain activities during building such as pouring concrete and post tensioning. Threshold inspectors can be considered a form of quality control seeing that the are hired by the developers and not the general contractor, therefore not having to answer to the GC.
how calculate steel in concrete
depends on the size and material of the beam and post!
TR 43 is the Indian code used for post-tensioning
The Post Tensioning Institute is a non-profit organization that specializes in prestressed concrete design and construction. The institution is recognized worldwide for it's authority on post-tensioning.
Post tensioning is the prestressing of a concrete member by tensioning the reinforcing tendons after the concrete has set
To calculate percent elongation with an equation: [(final length - initial length) / initial length] x 100 = percent elongation On a graph - To calculate percent elongation, draw a line to the x-axis from the point of fracture parallel to the straight line part of the graph. The extension at this point is then divided by the gauge length.
Post tensioning contracts the beam, when this happens the supporting false work can be lossen up and fall away thus can cause collapse of the whole structure.
Cycle of elongation = Peptide bond Since you have to use (n-1) formula to calculate the peptide bonds 100-1=99 = cycle of elongation.
Intial volume = final volume from this approach if you know any one of them % reduction in area or % elangation. you can calculate other
Internodal elongation is stimulated by
strain is percent elongation/100; for example a strain of 0.02 is 2% elongation. Often we refer to elongation at failure; for example if a material fails at 10% elongation its strain is 0.10
What is the importance of elongation of a material?
no
The elongation of a uniform bar of length is double the elongation when applied any external load