Transport layer is the fourth layer in the OSI model. Transport layer is responsible for process to process delivery of entire message. Other than that it also control connection, flow of data and error , thus will resend the packet if it get lost in between.
Sequencing and Acknowledgments
The data link layer is responsible for a. framing data bits b. providing the physical addresses of the sender/receiver c. data rate control d. detection and correction of damaged and lost frames
If we are sending a file in one go and if some error occurred in between the file transfer then the complete file has to be resend which wastes the bandwidth so to prevent this, the file to send is divided in to smaller unit which we call packet, and then send packets 1 by one so that if a packet is lost then we need to send only that particular packet not the complete file.
A packet may be lost due to congestion: too many packets are sent, the queue gets full, and eventually the router or switch starts dropping packets. It may also occur due to different failures; including temporary cabling problems, problems in a switch or router, etc.; these in turn can cause temporary problems with the routing information (a "non-converged network"), causing the packets to travel in loops until the TTL runs out, or a router erroneously concluding that a certain address can't be reached. This latter problem might also be caused by a misconfigured router.
That means that if an IP packet is sent, there is no guarantee that it will arrive. If it doesn't arrive, IP will do nothing to re-send it. If it is necessary to re-send lost packets, higher-level protocols (usually TCP) take care of that.
Session Layer traced lost Packets.
At which layer lost packets are traced?
Transport!
-Transport Layer
Transport
There is an optional checksum field that can be used by an UDP application, but in general a connectionless protocol does not use re-transmits of packets. It is assumed that this type of transport is sufficient even with lost packets. It is typically used where speed is more important than quality.
It is desirable in some cases where the time to establish and maintain a connection is either unnecessary or incurs excessive overhead. Take, for instance, beacons broadcast by either your cellular towers or WiFi access points--these transmissions are multicast and are not intended for a particular recipient, thus there is no reason to set up a connection to any client devices. Any multicast transmission would not need to establish a connection. In other cases, such as streaming video applications, a connectionless protocol like UDP is used since lost packets are often unusable once they fail to reach the recipient by a given deadline. An application using UDP transport will be able to ignore the lost packets or explicitly request important packets again, whereas a connection-oriented transport layer like TCP would retransmit stale packets and also throttle bandwidth in response to lost packets.
What is a PDU? corruption of a frame during transmission data reassembled at the destination retransmitted packets due to lost communication a layer specific encapsulation
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 2, Lost = 2 (50% loss)
About 20%
Sequencing and Acknowledgments
Because everyone's packets kept getting lost