How does TCP handle segment loss?

How does tcp handle data sequencing?

TCP Breaks User Data Into Segments, Numbers Each Segment, Places Them In The Correct Sequence, And Sends Each In Order, Waiting For An Acknowledgement Before Sending The Next Segment.

What is the difference between a segment and a datagram?

A setgement, which is also known as a TCP segment is something that is created based on an application layer of data. An IP datagram is something generated which contains the TCP segment. The segment is located in the payload section.

Which protocol is encapsulated inside the TCP segment?

HTTP

Which tcp segment header field controls the termination of a session?

code bits

What is the TCP Reno algorithm?

TCP doesn't immediately acknowledge every single received TCP segment. If a single segment is received it is necessary to wait for 100-200ms on the assumption that the receiving application will probably generate a response of some kind. But if there is delay in sending acknowledgement by the receiver then the network is delayed.

Is it possible for a single TCP segment to carry two distinct HTTP request messages?

no

What does the window field in a TCP segment indicate?

It indicates the "number of bytes the device is willing to accept".

How the operating system knows the difference between tcp and udp packet?

The "packets" are actually called "segments" in the case of layer 4 (i.e., TCP or UDP).When creating an IP packet, a host (computer, or other equipment that participates in a communication) adds information to the "protocol" field. This indicates whether the IP packet transports a TCP segment, a UDP segment, or some other kind of information.The "packets" are actually called "segments" in the case of layer 4 (i.e., TCP or UDP).When creating an IP packet, a host (computer, or other equipment that participates in a communication) adds information to the "protocol" field. This indicates whether the IP packet transports a TCP segment, a UDP segment, or some other kind of information.The "packets" are actually called "segments" in the case of layer 4 (i.e., TCP or UDP).When creating an IP packet, a host (computer, or other equipment that participates in a communication) adds information to the "protocol" field. This indicates whether the IP packet transports a TCP segment, a UDP segment, or some other kind of information.The "packets" are actually called "segments" in the case of layer 4 (i.e., TCP or UDP).When creating an IP packet, a host (computer, or other equipment that participates in a communication) adds information to the "protocol" field. This indicates whether the IP packet transports a TCP segment, a UDP segment, or some other kind of information.

Why are port numbers included in the TCP header of a segment?

to enable a receiving host to forward the data to the appropriate application

What kinds of available systems sufficiently secure the reliability of network transmission?

TCP does, not sure about others. TCP can handle out-of-order packets and lost packets. Even though TCP does some rudimentary error checking, corrupted packets sometimes get through.

Compare the TCP header and the UDP header?

Both TCP and UDP have origin and destination ports - and that is about all the similarity there is between the two. TCP has several other fields that UDP doesn't have, including window size; a consecutive byte numbering (to figure out where to place a TCP segment in a data stream); the bytes that the other side is expected to send; and others.

The PDU at the Transport layer is called?

The PDU (protocol data unit) @ transport layer (e.g. TCP or UDP) is called as 'segment' .